1. Topic 1.3: How are cells different from one another?

2. With a partner discuss some observations you can make between these two cells.
Partner discussion leads to class discussion.
Are they similar?
Which is more complex? Why?
Which is more primitive? why/how might we know this?

3. Prokaryotic Cells
- These are small and simple cells that don’t have organelles (internal structures)
- They lack a nucleus.
Examples:
Bacteria
Archaea - have both prokaryotic and eukaryotic traits
Pro = before
Karyon = nucleus

4. Eukaryotic Cells
- These are large and complex cells that have many organelles (internal structures)
- Contain a nucleus.
Examples:
Protists (unicellular), fungi, animal, plant
Eu = proper
Karyon = nucleus

5. Characteristic
Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
Genetic material contained in nucleus surrounded by a membrane
Organelles surrounded by membrane
Size and complexity
Can carry out all processes needed to stay alive
Example

6. Animal vs. Plant Cell
Go over the most important structures we will need to know for both types of cells:
Nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Ribosome, Golgi bodies, Vesicle, Vacuole, Lysosome, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall

7. Parts of the cell Click here!

8. Organelles and their function:
Part/organelle
Function
Animal
Plant
Nucleus
Holds DNA, controls cell function.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Place for protein and lipid/fat synthesis (creation).
Ribosome
Manufactures proteins.
Golgi Body
Packages proteins for transport.
Vesicle
Transports materials in the cell around (nutrients, proteins, etc.)
Vacuole
-Holds cell material like Water
- Very large in plants
Lysosome
Breaks down “stuff” within the cell.

9. Jelly like fluid that gives the cell shape.
Part/organelle
Function
Animal
Plant
Mitochondria
Carries out cellular respiration, a chemical reaction that gives the cell energy:
Chloroplast
Carries out photosynthesis, a chemical reaction that uses sunlight to make sugar.
Cytoplasm
Jelly like fluid that gives the cell shape.
Cell membrane
Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Holds the cell together
Cell wall
Very rigid material to give plants strength and shape.
Organelles review game -

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