1. Public-Private Partnership
Akhter Ali
CIMMYT-Pakistan

2. Contents What is public-private partnership Principles of PPP
Need of PPP in Developing Countries
Current Scenario of Maize in Pakistan
Maize Seed Sector
Conclusion

3. What is Public-Private Partnership
Collaborative mechanisms in which public organizations and private entities share resources, knowledge, experience and risks in order to achieve more efficiency in the production and delivery of products and services

4. Public and Private Partners
Public sector partners
Research institutes,
Universities
Extension agencies
Private sector partners
Seed companies
Producers’ organizations
Individual producers

5. Principles of Public-Private Partnerships

6. The Potential Partners must have common interest
First Principle
The Potential Partners must have common interest

7. The benefits of partnership should outweigh the costs
Second Principle
The benefits of partnership should outweigh the costs

8. Third Principle
The benefits of partnering which results from each partners contribution and from the synergy generated by collaboration as whole should be greater than the activities carried out individually

9. Fourth Principle
The benefits the partners receive from the partnership should be balanced and proportional

10. Fifth Principle
The results of the partnership should not openly conflict with the interest of the other groups that are not involved in the partnership but that can impact one or more of the partners

11. The Decision to Join a Partnership
Goals of the Private Sector
Economic profitability
Increased productivity
Competitiveness
Product quality and diversity
Leadership on markets and
Consumer confidence
Goals of the Public Sector
Development
Economic growth
Social equity, and
Environmental sustainability

12. The Decision to Join a Partnership
Private Sector
Public Sector

13. Importance/Need of PPP
In less-developed countries the development process can be enhanced
Innovation Led Agriculture needs PPP
Developed Countries are spending 2 percent of GDP on Agricultural R&D
Developing Countries are spending only 0.5 of GDP
Hence the combine efforts are needed in the developing countries

14. Maize in Pakistan Maize is ranked third after wheat and rice
Maize is vital for national food security
Maize accounts for 5 per cent of the total cropped area
The area under maize is 1.4 million hectares
Total production of maize is million tonnes
Maize contributed to 2.2 per cent to value added agriculture and 0.5 per cent to GDP during

15. Maize in Pakistan Cereals Area Production Yield (Thousand Ha)
% of Total
(Thousand Tonnes)
(Tonnes/Ha)
Total Cereals
12818
100.00
34897
2.72
Maize
1085
8.46
4631
13.27
4.27
Wheat
8693
67.82
24231
69.44
2.79
Rice
2311
18.03
5541
15.88
2.40
Sorghum (Jowar)
197
1.54
122
0.35
0.62
Millet (Bajra)
461
3.60
310
0.89
0.67
Barley 71
0.55 62
0.18
0.87

16. Maize in Pakistan
The growth in production of maize (9.43%) in Pakistan largely came from productivity gains (8.82%), with a very slow growth in area (0.61%), during last decade ( )
Pakistan has already been on the list of the top 30 producers of the world during 2012, Pakistan ranked 31stin area under maize cultivation, 29th in total maize production
In Pakistan the maize crops has never been supported by the support price mechanism

17. Maize Seed Demand
Overtime the supply of improved maize seed has increased from per cent of requirement in to per cent in
Share of private seed sector in the supply of improved (OPV) and hybrid maize seed remained in the range of 87 to almost 98 percent during last ten years

18. Maize seed Requirement and Availability
Year
Total Seed Requirement(MT)
Seed Availability(MT)
Value of Imported Seed
Local
Imported
Total
Millions Rs.
27,970
908
(3.25%)
2227
(7.96%)
3135
(11.21%)
223.87
37,760
(3.90%)
(9.37%)
(13.26%)
443.44
37,782
(4.16%)
(9.92%)
(14.08%)
441.00
38,010
(5.23%)
(11.53%)
(16.59%)
798.17
30,888
(10.98%)
(24.10%)
(35.08%)
30,036
(16.47%)
(21.57%)
(38.04%)
27,950
3286
(11.76%)
(22.09%)
(35.01%)
31,170
770
(2.47%)
(32.19%)
(35.38%)
2360
33,540
2144
(6.39%)
(21.65%)
(29.17%)
1852
31,914
(5.28%)
(22.07%)
27.35(%)
1748

19. Share of Local and Imported Maize Seed
Year
Share of Local Seed (%)
Share of imported Seed (%)
21.47
78.53
28.96
71.04
29.37
70.63
29.54
70.46
31.52
68.48
31.31
68.69
43.30
56.70
34.73
65.27
6.98
93.02
22.80
77.20
19.32
80.68

20. Maize Seed Demand
MNCs are responsible for per cent of hybrid seed import. The rest is imported by 25 national seed companies
The analysis of data from indicates that USA (61%) is the major maize seed supplier followed by Thailand (11.8%) and India (10.6%)

21. Maize Seed Import by origin
USA
India
195.04
741.34
279.74
Thailand
867.87
613.83
955.20
France
0.10
90.50
203.65
32.73
Brazil −
487.84
474.16
Argentina
93.85
601.78
Australia
92.13
121.28
0.25
0.28
Chile
450.28
China
730.00
Egypt
250.00
60.00
Guatemala
0.03
Hungary
142.67
Indonesia
202.00
Italy
169.41
S.Africa
117.71
114.00
Turkey
355.49
0.85
1.30
Holland
193.72
Mexico
143.95
Total

22. Utilization of Maize (Percentage)
KPK
Punjab
Industry (wet milling) 17 25
Feed 30 55
Food 40 05
Seed and Other 13 15

23. Potential of Maize in Pakistan
Maize can very well become more important than any other crop if industry stakeholders invest heavily in transport, handling, drying and storage infrastructure
Demand for maize, largely from the poultry and livestock subsectors, is expected to increase and more can be done to add value to Pakistan’s maize crop

24. Potential Seed Market of Maize in Pakistan
Crop
Seed Requirement (Tonnes)
Price/kg
Domestic Market (Million Rs.)
Wheat(OP) 30
Cotton(OP)
40000
1000
Paddy(Fine) 59
700.0
Paddy Coarse(Hyb)
300
7594.0
Maize(Hyb)
450

25. Maize Contract Farming
In Pakistan, only Rafhan Maize Products Co. Ltd. enters into contracts with maize growers

26. Number of registered seed companies
Category
Punjab
Sindh
KPK
Gilgit Baltist an
Baluc histan
Total
Public Sector 1 4
Private National
600 91 20 02 7
720
Private Multinational - 5
Total Active
605 93 21 08
729
Cancelled
129 14 07
150
734
107 28
879

27. Overtime share of seed companies
Multinational Companies
Monsanto Pak Agri-tech, Lahore
29.39
23.88
36.73
38.26
14.10
ICI Pakistan Seeds, Lahore.
1.18
3.24
1.57
0.01
0.56
Pioneer Pakistan Seeds, Lahore.
59.94
58.47
48.88
43.53
52.08
Syngenta Pakistan Limited, Karachi/Lahore
7.02
11.53
9.35
16.06
28.18
Total
97.53
97.12
96.53
97.86
94.91
National Private Companies
Companies involved (25)
2.47
2.88
3.47
2.14
5.09
Total Import (MT)

28. Conclusion Increasing demand of seed can only be met through PPP
Policy reforms are needed
The benefits and risks of partnership needs to be shared proportionally
The gender needs to be included
CIMMYT is always there to facilitate

29. THANKS