1. Paper 2 – Early Elizabethan England 1558-88
(20%/ 50 minutes)

2. Q1 - Describe Features Question (4 marks):
Recap …
Can you remember how to answer a ‘describe the key features’ question?

3. Q1 - Describe Features Question:

4. Describe two features of the Revolt of the Northern Earls
You can get two marks by simply identifying two features.
To get the extra two marks, for each feature you identify, add a sentence that adds further detail and develops your answer.
Let’s have a go together…
Describe two features of the Revolt of the Northern Earls
Let’s recap! What was the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
Catholic Earls in the north of England resented that Elizabeth had made a Protestant the Bishop of Durham in 1561.
It meant that the Earls had lost their influence and Elizabeth’s refusal to name an heir meant these Earls feared a Civil War and loss of power.
They plotted that MQS would marry the Duke of Norfolk and depose Elizabeth. It was expected that the Spanish would support the revolt.
Meanwhile, Earls in the North took control of Durham cathedral and began to move South.
Dudley told Elizabeth of the plot and it ultimately failed.
Which two features do you think would be the best to write about?

5. Describe two features of the Revolt of the Northern Earls
And now it’s your turn…… 1. Write the question below. 2. Answer the question, using ALL the tips and advice you have been given. You have six minutes.
Describe two features of the Revolt of the Northern Earls
WAGOLL:
One feature of the Revolt of the Northern Earls was the ‘marriage plan’.
This was where the Northern Earls plotted for Mary QOS, a devout Catholic with a claim to the throne, to marry the Duke of Norfolk, who although was a Protestant was trusted by the Catholic Earls. They would then depose of Elizabeth I and become King and Queen of England.
Another feature of the Revolt of the Northern Earls was the progress of the revolt even after Norfolk’s arrest.
This was when Northumberland and Westmorland, supported by their wives, continued with the revolt despite Elizabeth’s knowledge. They were able to take control of Durham Cathedral, as well as other northern churches and began to move South in protest against Elizabeth.

6. Q2 – Explain Why Question (12 marks):
3 x PEE paragraphs.
2 points are provided by the exam board.
1 point of your own.
Recap …
Can you remember how to answer an ‘explain why’ question?

7. What skills is this question testing?
Your knowledge and understanding of key features of the period.
Ability to explain the causes of an event.
3 developed paragraphs here with explicit and consistent links to the question. Analytical, rather than descriptive.
A clear structure. 3 x PEEL paragraphs and conclusion.
Clear evidence of own knowledge and points have started to be developed. All information selected is relevant to the question.

8. Explain why the English were able to defeat the Spanish Armada (12)
You are given two points from the exam board which you should include in your answer.
Ensure you add a third point to show off your own knowledge.
Make sure your point is different from the two provided so that there is no overlap/ repetition of information!
Explain why the English were able to defeat the Spanish Armada (12)
Communication problems between the Duke of Parma and the Duke of Medina (Spanish).
Spanish ships lacked supplies and provisions, including food, for their long voyage
English tactics were superior (getting close enough to fire on Spanish ships but staying far enough away so that the Spanish could not board)
English ships were better equipped/ armed i.e. smaller gun carriages meant they could be fired and reloaded more quickly than Spanish cannons.
Spanish panic – Battle of Gravelines where English use fireships which caused Spanish captains to panic and cut their anchors.
The Weather – gale force winds caused the destruction of Spanish ships.
Let’s recap! Why were England able to defeat the Spanish Armada?
Think – Pair - Share

9. And now it’s your turn…… 1. Read the WAGOLL paragraph below. 2
And now it’s your turn…… 1. Read the WAGOLL paragraph below. 2. Write a second paragraph on a different reason for English success.
3. Use the PEEL structure.
4. End your paragraph by making a link to what would be your third and final point.
WAGOLL:
One reason for the English victory over the Spanish Armada was the fact that the Spanish ships lacked supplies and provisions, including enough food for the long voyage.
The Spanish fleet was at sea for 10 weeks and by early August much of the food on board had rotted and had to be thrown away, they had not anticipated how long the conflict would take.
This led to English victory because the lack of food led to starvation and in some cases death of the Spanish sailors. A reduction in numbers, along with the weakened crew, meant that the Spanish were less able to fight off the English effectively. This lack of preparation ultimately led to a decline in the morale of the Spanish soldiers who were less keen to continue the fight, giving the English an advantage. This advantage was strengthened by the fact that the English were better equipped and armed…

10. Q3 – How far do you agree? (16 marks)
3 x PEEL paragraphs.
Balanced.
Overall conclusion.
Recap …
Can you remember how to answer an ‘explain why’ question?

11. Let’s recap! Why were relations strained between England and Spain?
Religion was the main cause of the growing tension between England and Spain between How far do you agree? Explain your answer.
You may use the following:
The Pope’s excommunication of Elizabeth
The Dutch Revolt
You must also use information of your own. (16 marks)
The Pope excommunicated Elizabeth in 1570
Elizabeth I executed MQS in 1587 which angered Philip
Elizabeth had supported the Dutch rebels in their revolt against Spanish rule (Dutch Revolt) 1566
Philip had been involved in Catholic plots against Elizabeth
Commercial rivalry (access to the New World)
English merchants (funded by Elizabeth herself) raided Spanish colonies and ships.
Drake’s expedition resulted in £400,000 of Spanish silver being captured.
Let’s recap! Why were relations strained between England and Spain?

12. Q3 Plan

13. On the one hand, I do agree that religion underpinned the growing tension between England and Spain between
England was a Protestant country and many members of Elizabeth’s Privy Council were Protestant whereas Spain remained strongly Catholic under Philip II. This inevitably led to tensions as Philip II supported the Catholic MQS’ claim to the English throne as opposed to Elizabeth I. Catholic distrust of Elizabeth I led to her excommunication in 1570 after which the Pope encouraged Philip II to plot against Elizabeth I which in turn led to his involvement in the Ridolfi, Babington and Throckmorton plots.
This was important in the deterioration of Anglo-Spanish relations because it convinced Elizabeth’s government that the Spanish could not be trusted, especially as they had troops in the Netherlands. Not only this, but the plots themselves proved to Elizabeth that Catholics at home could not be trusted which led to tough measures against them being introduced, including the eventual execution of MQS. Elizabeth’s actions towards Catholics at home further angered Philip II and relations were made worse.

14. 2. Use the PEEL structure as shown on the previous slide.
And now it’s your turn…… 1. Write a paragraph that disagrees with the statement given in the question.
2. Use the PEEL structure as shown on the previous slide.