1. Kingdom Protista

2. KINGDOM PROTISTA
Protists are eukaryotes that are not fungi, plants, or animals; most are unicellular; found in or near water
Examples of Protists:
amoeba – use pseudopodia to move
paramecium – use cilia to move
euglena – use flagella to move
algae – are photosynthetic (ex: green, red, brown algae)
diatoms - are photosynthetic with double shells made of silica
slime and water molds (fungus-like)
sporozoans – form spores (ex: malaria, toxoplasmosis)

3. Classification of Protists
How they obtain energy How they move
Animal Like
amoeba
paramecium
sporozoans
Plant Like
euglena
algae
diatoms
Fungus Like
slime mold
water mold

4. Different Kinds Of Protists
Amoeba
Paramecium
Euglena
Sporozoans (Malaria)
Slime & Water Mold
Diatoms
Algae

5. AMOEBA Pseudopod – flexible cytoplasmic extensions; “false foot”
Cyst – a hard-walled body that can exist for a long period of time until conditions become favorable
Contractile Vacuole – removes excess water

6. Method of Reproduction – binary fission
Endocytosis– method of food intake creating food vacuoles
Amoebic Dysentery –
diarrhea and stomach
upset caused by
drinking contaminated
water

7. Euglena
Flagella – a long whip-like structure that acts like a little motor for movement
Eyespot – area that detects light
Contractile Vacuole – removes excess
water

8. Pellicle – stiff but flexible covering that gives the organism its shape
Autotrophic – have chloroplast to can undergo photosynthesis
Heterotrophic– absorbs food across their cell membrane

9. Paramecium Cilia – tiny hair-like projections
Pellicle – a thick outer membrane
Trichocysts – thread like organelles used as defense mechanisms
Contractile Vacuole – removes excess water

10. Micronucleus – controls reproduction; asexually (binary fission) or sexually (conjugation)
Macronucleus – controls everything but reproduction
Avoidance Behavior – moving away from an unpleasant stimulus

11. Kingdom Fungi

12. KINGDOM FUNGI Characteristics: eukaryotes
multicellular, except for yeast (unicellular)
cell walls are made of chitin
“absorptive” heterotrophs, they do not ingest their food, they secrete digestive enzymes then absorb the nutrients (extracellular digestion)
ex: saprophytes – live off dead organisms
parasites – live off living organisms

13. Why are fungi not classified as plants?
They are heterotrophs, not autotrophs.
They have no chloroplast/chlorophyll.
They have no true roots, stems, and leaves.

14. Internal Structure of Fungi
The bodies of fungi consist of hyphae (long slender strands of cells). A branching network of hyphae is called mycelium.

15. How do fungi reproduce?
Asexually – cells divide to produce spores or a piece of hyphae breaks off and grows into a new fungus
Sexually – the hyphae of two different fungi grow close together and the hyphae join together producing a genetically different fungi

16. Types of Fungi:
Club Fungi (Basidiomycetes) –mushrooms; forms spores in a structure called basidium
Sac Fungi (Ascomycetes) – truffles, mildew; forms spores in a sac called asci; also includes yeast
Thread-like Fungi (Zygomycetes)-bread mold; spores found in sporangium
Imperfect Fungi ( Deuteromycota)
includes Althete’s foot, ringworm, thrush

17. Symbiotic Relationships
Lichens – symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi
Mycorrhizae – symbiotic fungi that inhabit the roots of plants and help supply them with nutrients

18. Types of Fungi Zygomycetes (Thread-like Fungi) Mushrooms
Basidiomycetes
(Club Fungi)
Bread Mold
Yeast
Ascomycetes (Sac Fungi)

19. Fungi Classfication