1. Ionic Bonding

2. State if the following are ionic or covalent:
Drill
State if the following are ionic or covalent:
NaF
CH4
MgCl2
**Put completed lab into the tray if you did not turn it in last class
**Take out your PERIODIC TABLE – we will be using it today
**Would be beneficial to have some colored pens/highlighters/writing utensil today

3. Ionic Bonding Notes/Practice Ionic Bonding Challenge Exit Slip HW
Agenda
Drill
Ionic Bonding Notes/Practice
Ionic Bonding Challenge
Exit Slip HW

4. Review Octet Rule Exception
Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas, usually 8 valence electrons
Exception
He: 2 electrons total

5. Review Valence Electrons
An electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom

6. Valence Electrons on the Periodic Table

7. Lewis Dot Structures/Electron Dot Structures
Diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule

8. Examples Na Be Ne F

9. Electronegativity
The measurement of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

10. Why Electronegativity?
Example: Na and F

11. Another Example
Li and O

12. Try on your whiteboard!!
K and Cl
Be and F
Mg and N

13. Ionic Bonds- Lewis Dots
Steps:
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for the metal
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for the nonmetal
Transfer one electron at a time from the metal to an available spot on the nonmetal
Continue until the metal has lost all of its electrons, and the nonmetal has a full octet

14. What did we see? Na lost an electron F gained an electron
Has a positive charge
F gained an electron
Has a negative charge
The overall charge of the compound is neutral

15. Some Definitions Cation Anion A positively charged ion
A negatively charged ion

16. How can you predict what an ion’s charge will be?
The representative groups on the periodic table can show how many electrons elements will gain or lose. 1+ 2+ 3+ 4± 3- 2- 1- 1 H
Hydrogen 3 Li
Lithium 11 Na
Sodium 19 K
Potassium 37 Rb
Rubidium 55 Cs
Cesium 87 Fr
Francium 4 Be
Beryllium 12 Mg
Magnesium 20 Ca
Calcium 38 Sr
Strontium 56 Ba
Barium 88 Ra
Radium 5 B
Boron 13 Al
Aluminum 31 Ga
Gallium 49 In
Indium 81 Tl
Thallium 6 C
Carbon 14 Si
Silicon 32 Ge
Germanium 50 Sn
Tin 82 Pb
Lead 7 N
Nitrogen 15 P
Phosphorus 33 As
Arsenic 51 Sb
Antimony 83 Bi
Bismuth 8 O
Oxygen 16 S
Sulfur 34 Se
Selenium 52 Te
Tellurium 84 Po
Polonium 9 F
Fluorine 17 Cl
Chlorine 35 Br
Bromine 53 I
Iodine 85 At
Astatine 2 He
Helium 10 Ne
Neon 18 Ar
Argon 36 Kr
Krypton 54 Xe
Xenon 86 Rn
Radon
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
Lose 2 Electrons
Charge: 2+
Group 4
Gain or lose 4 Electrons
Charge: 4±
Group 1: Alkali Metals
Lose 1 Electron
Charge: 1+
Group 8: Noble Gases
Full Valence Shell
Charge: 0
Group 7: Halogens
Gain 1 Electrons
Charge: 1-
Group 6: Chalcogens
Gain 2 Electrons
Charge: 2-
Group 5
Gain 3 Electrons
Charge: 3-
Group 3
Lose 3 Electrons
Charge: 3+

17. Ionic Bonding Challenge
There must be one metal and one nonmetal
They must form the shape of a rectangle. No jagged edges!
In writing the chemical formula, the symbol for the metal is written first
The number of pieces used should be reflected in the chemical formula

18. Criss-Cross Method Steps: Note: Find the common charge for each atom
The charge on the metal becomes the subscript for the nonmetal
The charge on the nonmetal becomes the subscript for the metal
Note:
Overall net charge is 0
Metal is written first in the formula
Have the subscripts to the lowest common factor

19. Examples
K and Cl
Mg and P
Mg and O

20. Try on Your Whiteboard
Rb and P
Ba and S
Ca and N

21. Conclusion on Ionic Bonding
Happens between a metal and a nonmetal
Electrons are transferred

22. Homework
Complete the Ionic Bonding Practice Sheet!!

23. Exit Slip Bond with a classmate!
When you find another ion with which you can bond, write in each symbol and charge
Draw the lewis dot structure (showing transfer of electrons) and molecular formula
Bond 3 times!
Remember: there may have to be more than 2 of you in one bond

24. Grades All Unit 2 work MUST be turned in by Wednesday, November 25th
You have the option to retake ONE quiz from Unit 2
Scores will be averaged
If you would like to retake a quiz, you MUST fill out a form

25. Available Dates After School Lunches
Wednesday and Thursday this week
Monday and Tuesday next week
Lunches
A – C everyday
**Expection: Friday during “A” lunch
If something happens, I will send you a message on BCPSOne or a Remind text message

26. Please Note Unit 2 M.C. questions will be graded out of 23
Tests should be on BCPSOne this weekend (hopefully)
From now on…
If you are not present for a quiz, you will take a different quiz from everyone else