1. ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE
ATP
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

2. ENERGY Where does energy come from?
Most would say from food, but….. Energy comes from the sun!
Autotroph: organisms which make their own food
Example: plants use the sun’s energy to make food.
Heterotroph: organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume.
Example: humans, dogs, cats, snakes, insects, etc.

3. Carbohydrates Composed of: 1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen
Monomer: Monosaccharides
Ring shaped molecules
Glucose is life’s main source of energy!
Functions:
1. Quick energy source to maintain homeostasis
2. Structural compound- plant cell walls (cellulose)
3. Energy storage (starch in plants, glycogen in animals)

4. Monosaccharides- Simple sugarsOH H HO
CH2OH O
Glucose
(made in photosynthesis)
Fructose
(in fruit)

5. Disaccharides Sucrose (table sugar) glucose + fructose
Lactose (in milk)
glucose + galactose

6. Polysaccharides Starch (stores glucose in the plants)
Cellulose / Fiber (plant cell wall ingredient)
Glycogen (stores glucose in the liver)

7. What is ATP?
A chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy.
ATP is released from the break down of your food- carbs, lipids, and proteins. Cells prefer to break down CARBS to get this energy.

8. Why not just use glucose?
Too much energy released at once; would be inefficient
ATP is just the right amount of energy for a cell to do work
$20 is enough to buy a snack from a vending machine, but is TOO much…$1 is just right

9. ATP Structure SKETCH THIS IN YOUR NOTES! Made up of:
Adenine (Nitrogen base)
Ribose (5 carbon sugar)
3 Phosphate groups
The three phosphate groups are the key to ATP's ability to store and release energy.

10. Structure continued
ADENOSINE- RIBOSE bonded to ADENINE via dehydration synthesis

11. ATP-ADP Cycle Break down of ATP via Hydrolysis to release ENERGY.
Breaks the high energy bond between 2nd and 3rd phosphates to release energy that is used for cellular work
+ ENERGY

12. ATP-ADP Cycle
DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS
HYDROLYSIS
Partially charged

13. Can you name the parts?