1. How does Energy Flow within a Community?

2. Autotrophs Heterotrophs
Organisms that can make their own food using the sun’s energy (photosynthesis)
Heterotrophs
Organisms that rely on external energy sources (eat plants/animals)

3. Food Chains

5. Producers (autotrophs)
Organisms that make their own food using the sun’s energy
(Photosynthesis)

6. Algae Seagrass Phytoplankton
Examples: (Plants)
Algae
Seagrass
Phytoplankton

7. Primary Consumers
The 1st level of heterotrophs that get their energy by eating producers

8. Examples: (Herbivores)
Blue Tang
Green Sea Turtle
Manatee
Sea Urchin

9. Secondary Consumers
The 2nd level of heterotrophs that get their energy by eating primary consumers

10. Examples: (Carnivores)
Butterfly fish
Dolphins
Most larger fish
Most Sea turtles

11. Top Predator (tertiary consumer)
Organisms that get their energy by eating other consumers

12. Some sharks Some whales Humans
Examples:
Some sharks
Some whales
Humans

13. Other Consumers Scavengers Decomposers
eat what is left of producers and consumers (ex. crabs & snails)
Decomposers
- break down dead plants and animals, as well as waste (ex. bacteria)

14. Top
Predator
Secondary
Consumer
Primary Consumer R
Producer

15. The trophic pyramid has an ecological efficiency of 10% - only 10% of the energy from one level transfers to the next (90% is lost to entropy – heat!)

16. Food Web
Shows that organisms often have different choices of prey; represents the flow of energy through consumption
in nature.

17. Removing Cats to Protect Birds Backfires on Island
Article
Removing Cats to Protect Birds Backfires on Island

19. Joe’s Creek

20. Bioaccumulation
Increasing the concentration of a toxic substance in one organism
Occurs within a trophic level
Examples: Heavy metals, pesticides, organic chemicals

21. Bio-magnification
Increasing the concentration of toxic substances as you move through the food chain
Occurs between trophic levels
Examples: DDT and heavy metals like mercury, lead, cadmium and zinc

22. Analysis: Group Discussion
Do you think bioaccumulation of toxic compounds has the potential to affect humans? Why or why not?

23. Bald Eagle Article List 3 reasons why eagle populations declined.
What affect did DDT have (physiologically) on bald eagles?
What was done in response to the decline to boost eagle populations?

24. Video Clip

26. What’s for lunch?
If you could have anything for lunch today, what would it be? Write down the following in your notes:
A main course
2 sides
1 dessert
1 school appropriate beverage

27. Task: Lunch Mapping
To create a visual that shows the flow of energy through the things you consume.

30. Lunch Mapping Create a sketch in your notebook
On a piece of construction paper (and in color!) draw a complete version of your map
Create a color-coded key
Circle producers in 1 color
Circle primary consumers in a different color
Circle secondary consumers/omnivores in a 3rd color