1. Rise of Hitler and the Nazis Early Treatment of Jews March to war Take over of France

2. The Treaty of Versailles
Origins of WW2
The Treaty of Versailles
Massive Reparations Germany pay $33 billion in reparations to the Allies.
Military Limitations The treaty reduced the size of Germany’s military and prohibited them from crossing west of the Rhine River. No draft
Territory Reductions German territory was divided to reestablish Poland. Territories were seized in the west by France and in the south to help create Czechoslovakia.

3. Political Rise of Hitler
1923 Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party. With inflation running high, Hitler tried to seize control in Germany.
Munich Putsch or Beer Hall Putsch, to lead a march through the streets, the police fired on the marchers and Hitler and the march was broken up Two days later Hitler was arrested.
Hitler received a five year prison sentence for the Munich Putsch, he was let out after serving less than a year. He spent the time writing - Mein Kampf (My Struggle.)
Mein Kamph would outline All of Hitler’s plans, policies no secrets!!!! Best selling book .

4. Hitler becomes Democratic Only to legitimately Gain Power
1933 Hitler Turns the Nazis into a Democratic party. Wins enough votes to become Chancellor. He did use violence in the streets to punish his opposition
27 February 1933 Reichstag fire
Hitler Blames Communists and Jews Uses Event to claim dictatorial power.
Outlaws all other political parties.
Becomes Fuhrer – Dictator absolute power. Makes all take loyalty oath to him not Germany

5. It’s a Question of Blood
How did the Nazis construct an Aryan identity (Master Race)?
Hitler argued that the German Aryan race was superior to all others. Hitler was obsessed with 'racial purity'. He used the word 'Aryan' to describe his idea of a 'pure German race' or Herrenvolk. The 'Aryan race' had a duty to control the world. The Nazis believed that the Aryans had the most "pure blood" of all the people on earth. The ideal Aryan had pale skin, blond hair and blue eyes. Non-Aryans came to be seen as impure and even evil. Hitler believed that Aryan superiority was being threatened particularly by the Jews. But a league table of 'races' was created with the Aryans at the top and with Jews, Gypsies and black people at the bottom. These 'inferior' people were seen as a threat to the purity and strength of the German nation.

6. Speech by Reichsfuehrer-SS Himmler at Kharkow, April 1943
Speech by Reichsfuehrer-SS Himmler at Kharkow, April Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression - Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1946, Vol. IV, p :
We have - I would say, as very consistent National Socialists, taken the question of blood as our starting point. We were the first really to solve the problem of blood by action, and in this connection, by problem of blood, we of course do not mean antisemitism.
Antisemitism is exactly the same as delousing. Getting rid of lice is not a question of ideology. It is a matter of cleanliness.

7. Nuremberg Race Laws. At the annual party rally 1935, the Nazis announced new laws - institutionalized many of the racial theories in Nazi ideology.
The laws excluded German Jews from Reich citizenship and prohibited them from marrying or having sexual relations with persons of "German or related blood.“
Purity of German Blood was everything!!!

8. Attack against the Jews “Early Days”
Kristallnacht - November 9th to 10th, 1938, Nazis ordered, from top levels, torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools and businesses.
killed close to 100 Jews. In the aftermath of Kristallnacht, also called the “Night of Broken Glass,”
30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to Nazi concentration camps

9. Ghettoization and the Jews
The Nazis' isolated Jews to sections of cities. There they were sealed in. At first separation…..
Next, a step towards the annihilation of the Jews, rather than a method to just isolate them from the rest of society. As the war against the Jews progressed, the ghettos became transition areas, used as collection points for deportation to death camps and concentration camps

10. Warsaw Ghetto
All ghettos had the most appalling, inhuman living conditions. The smallest ghetto housed approximately 3,000 people. Warsaw, the largest ghetto, held 400,000 people. Lódz, the second largest, held about 200,000

11. Did the Jews Fight Back
In the summer of 1942, about 300,000 Jews were deported from Warsaw to Treblinka. Reports of mass murder in the killing center leaked back to the Warsaw ghetto
A surviving group of mostly young people formed an organization called the Z.O.B stopping people from entering train carts.
In January 1943, Warsaw ghetto fighters fired upon German troops as they tried to round up another group of ghetto inhabitants for deportation.
Fighters used a small supply of weapons that had been smuggled into the ghetto. After a few days, the troops retreated. This small victory inspired the ghetto fighters to prepare for future resistance.

12. What was the Result?
MAY 16, 1943 GHETTO DESTROYED, UPRISING ENDS After a month of fighting, the Germans blow up the Great Synagogue in Warsaw, signaling the end of the uprising and the destruction of the ghetto.
On April 19, 1943, began the final destruction of the ghetto and the deportation of the remaining Jews.
After three days, German forces begin burning the ghetto, building by building, to force Jews out of the hiding places.
1943 deportations, reports after the destruction of the ghetto that 56,065 Jews have been captured; of those 7,000 deported to the Treblinka killing center, and the remainder sent to forced-labor camps and the Majdanek camp.

13. Before the Final Solution C02 Trucks Nazis used to pack Jews into trucks. Often disused as “party” busses Jews were then suffocated by the trucks exhaust till dead Mass shootings and graves Nazis used mass shootings and graves to rid Jews and others Ineficency and mental problems created Problem - gas in trucks too slow painful for driver to hear cries Shootings too much bullets (expensive) again makes soldiers have psych. Problems.

14. Violating the Treaty of Versailles
German Violations of the Treaty and Expansion
1935: Hitler initiated draft - began build a new air force and militarization .
1936: Hitler ordered the German military to occupy the Rhineland
1937: Hitler called for the reunification of German-speaking peoples.
March 1938: Hitler annexes Austria and announced Anschluss, or unification, of Austria and Germany. Hitler welcomed as a hero

15. Munich Conference
September 1938: Reps. of Britain, France, Italy, and Germany met to resolve German demands to the Sudetenland, a region in Czechoslovakia.

16. Results of the Munich Conference
In exchange for peace, the soon to be Allies, gave Hitler Czechoslovakia. These were mostly German Speaking people. Hitler said this and no more!!!
This policy became known as appeasement: Giving into a leader’s demands for the greater good of avoiding war
England’s Prime Minister Neville Chamberlin’s famous quote “Peace in our time”

17. Movement Toward War
March 1939: Hitler demanded the return of Danzig, Poland, to German control. Poland refused.
August 23, 1939: Stalin agreed to a nonaggression treaty with Hitler called Nazi-Soviet Pact. Stalin was buying time building up his military. Hitler buying time not to fight a two front war.

18. War Begins
September 1939: Germany invaded Poland in a powerful, attack known as blitzkrieg, meaning “lightning war.” The army attacked across land, the Luftwaffe, or German air force, bombed cities, railroads, bridges, and other key targets from above.
May 1940: Hitler invades the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Belgium- Heading towards France. Remember WW1

19. June 1940: The Miracle of Dunkirk
June 1940: The Miracle of Dunkirk. The Nazis pressed the Allies toward the English Channel but stopped before they reached Dunkirk.
Allies faced certain death but were evacuated by a mass of boats of all kinds a successful failure

20. June 22, 1940: France surrenders.
Hitler finds the train car Germany was forced to surrender in at the end of WW1

21. Hitler installed Frenchmen Marshal Philippe Pétain as leader of the new Vichy government. (Nazi controlled French government)

22. General Charles De Gaulle will lead the French resistance from England
Japan has not hit us at Pearl Harbor yet!!!!

23. Operation Barbarosa Considered a major blunder forcing Hitler to fight a two front war
1941 Hitler invades Soviet Union at first easy going.
Winter cold and mud will slow him down. Soviet Union will fight like nothing Hitler Anticipates
Battle of Stalingrad. All young, women and old fight for city. Face starvation, freezing temps. Real soldiers are fighting on Eastern Front.

24. The Soviets recovered 250,000 German and Romanian corpses in and around Stalingrad, and total Axis casualties (Germans, Romanians, Italians, and Hungarians) are believed to have been more than 800,000 dead,
The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the bloodiest battles in history, with combined military and civilian casualties of nearly 2 million Soviets.