1. If Earth’s orbit were a perfect circle, we would not have seasons.
True, because it is the departures from a circular orbit that create the seasons on Earth.
False; the seasons are due to the tilt of the Earth’s spin from its orbit, not its distance from the Sun.
True; the Earth would be at the same distance from the Sun throughout its orbit, so there would be no summer or winter.
False; the poles would still be cooler than the equator and seasonal variations would therefore still exist.
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2. Mars occasionally undergoes retrograde motion, which is:
When Mars rises towards the West and sets towards the East --- the opposite of what the Sun and stars do
When Mars’ position on the sky from night to night moves from the West towards the East
Neither of the above
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3. #1A: Rank the time it took (from greatest to least) for the comet to move along each of the segments (A-D) of the orbit.
D C A B
B A C D
A B C D
D C B A
Time to travel each segment is the same
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4. #1B: Rank the distance (from greatest to least) the comet traveled during each of the segments (A-D) of the orbit.
D C A B
B A C D
A B C D
D C B A
Distance traveled during each segment is the same
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5. #1C: Rank the speed (from slowest to fastest) of the comet during each segment (A-D) of the orbit.
D C A B
B A C D
A B C D
D C B A
Speed of the comet during each of the segments is the same
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6. Ranking Task #3: Rank the orbital period (from longest to shortest) of the planets.
A=D B=E C
C B=E A=D
A D B E C
C E B D A
A D=B E=C
C=E D=B A
Orbital periods of the planets all the same
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7. Ranking Task #5: Rank the orbital periods (from longest to shortest) of the planets.
A=B C=D
C=D A=B
A B D C
C D B A
B A C D
D C A B
All the same
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