1. AP Lang: Vocab 3:2 1 Evasive Adj
Word
P.O.S
Definition
Synonym or Example 1
Evasive
Adj
Tending or seeing to escape, avoid, or shirk something 2
Extradite V
to give up (an alleged fugitive or criminal) to another state or nation at its request 3
Regenerate
to re-create especially in a better form or condition. 4
Aphorism N
a terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation 5
Creosote
an oily liquid having a burning taste and a penetrating odor; used mainly as a preservative for wood and as an antiseptic. 6
Primordial
pertaining to or existing at or from the very beginning 7
Metamorphose
to change the form or nature of; transform. 8
Feminism
the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men. 9
Subservient
servile; excessively submissive 10
Marginalize
to place in a position of little importance, influence, or power

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3. Rhetorical Modes: Patterns of Development
8 major patterns
Narration
Description
Process Analysis
Exemplification
Comparison & Contrast
Classification & Division
Definition
Causal Analysis
Author’s Purpose
Organize individual paragraphs or sections
Organize entire text

4. Rhetorical Transaction
Exigence
Rhetorical Situation
Audience
Purpose
Logos
Appeals
Ethos
Pathos
Rhetorical Modes
Organization/Structure/Form
Diction
Imagery
Syntax
Figurative Language
Surface Features

5. Narration Tells story; recounts events; personal
Chronological (detail, pov, dialogue)
Craft story to support thesis
Often used as a way to enter topics
Draws a reader in

6. Description Paints a picture with senses; details
Establishes mood/atmosphere
Empathy; connection to text

7. Process Analysis Explains how something works Clear and logical
Proper transitions
Concise verbs

8. Causal Analysis Cause leads to an effect
Effect that results from a cause
Needs logic
“Why” in the title

9. Identify the Modes

10. Causal Analysis What Causal Analysis Does: Focuses on explanations
Shows a connection between a situation and its cause or effect
Answers the question:
1) “Why did this happen?” OR
2) “What will this do?”
Explanation of CAUSE
Prediction of EFFECT

11. Causal Analysis: When & how to Use
Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause
Make your purpose clear
Be modest in your choice of subject
Concentrate on immediate rather than remote cause
Don’t be arrogant about cause
Use common sense in asserting cause
When to use:
Trying to explain WHY something happened
Trying to predict the likely results if an event does or does not occur
Cause Situation Effect

12. Causal Analysis: When & how to Use
Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause
Necessary Cause:
must be present for the effect to occur
But, it alone cannot make the effect occur
EX: Irrigation is necessary for a crop of good grapes, but irrigation alone will not cause a good crop.
What else is necessary?

13. Causal Analysis: When & how to Use
Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause
Sufficient Cause:
can produce a given effect by itself.
EX: An empty gas tank can keep a car from running even though other problems may be present.
List three other “Sufficient” causes: 1. 2. 3.

14. Causal Analysis: When & how to Use
Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause
Contibutory Cause:
Might produce an effect but cannot produce the effect by itself
EX: Vitamin E may help a long distance runner win a race, but cannot by itself determine the performance of a runner who got a bad start, didn’t train well, etc. The runner may also win the race without the help of Vitamin E.
List three other “contributory” causes: 1. 2. 3.

15. Causal Analysis: When & how to Use
Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause
Few causes are “sufficient”; most are merely necessary or contributory
Do not say: “A vegetarian diet will prevent cancer.”
Do say: “A vegetarian diet is a contributing factor in preventing cancer.”
Qualifying statements: “may be”, “is one of the reasons,” “is a major cause,” “is influenced by,”etc.

16. Causal Analysis Warm-up
Causes
List 3 causes for each:
Teen Drug use
Recent increase in obesity rates
Children’s feelings of guilt during a divorce
Effects
List 3 effects that result from the following:
Having one’s car stolen
The fear of further terrorist attacks in the US
Discovering an infestation of rats in one’s basement

17. Causal Analysis Assignment 1 (due for Tuesday)
Read:
“A Peaceful Woman Explains Why She Carries a Gun” (pgs. 522 – 525)
Do the Following:
List the author’s reasons that she stated for carrying a gun; provide the text example, please.
State what type of cause she is using (necessary, sufficient or contributory) and explain your reasoning.
Identify and explicitly state her thesis.

18. “A Peaceful Woman Explains Why She Carries a Gun”
Most important words paragraph:
Directions: Craft a paragraph that explains the importance of the following words in last night’s assigned reading:
1) Pistol
2) Power
3) Balance
4) Defend
5) Safety

19. Speed Dating?!

20. Homework!
Complete the AP Language College Board Test on your own by FRIDAY
Grade based on
a) completion of the test with evidence of
annotations
b) participation in Friday’s activity

21. Causal Analysis Assignment 2 (due @ end of hour)
Read:
“Coming Into Language” (pgs )
Do the Following:
The Facts: #2, #4
The Strategies: #1, #3
The Issues: #5
Give 3 examples of this piece being a work of causal analysis…

22. Define in your own words:
1) Glass ceiling
2) Feminism
3) Status Quo
4) Equality

23. “The Farce of Feminism” “The New Feminism”
Rebecca Rubins (pgs )
“The New Feminism”
Kate Gubata (pgs. 557 – 559)
Directions: Read each of the articles on feminism written from college students’ p.o.v’s. As you read, list each author’s major points and reasons for supporting or not supporting “feminism”. When finished, give reasons as to how each article falls into the causal analysis mode of organization.

24. Writing your own Causal Analysis
Determine if you will write an explanation of cause, or a prediction of effect
Cause: Why _____ is unable to _____.
Effect: Doing ______ will ________.
Ground Rules!
* Thesis must be in the last paragraph
* Include an aphorism
* Include any previous vocabulary word(s)
* Include an inverted sentence
* Include at least two examples or anecdotes
Final paper: Due on Tuesday, 25 points
* No more than 4 paragraphs; no less than 2
* Be sure to use qualifiers, not all inclusive statements
* Be aware of necessary, sufficient, and contributory causes!
Must label in your final draft!

25. AP Lang: Vocab 3:2 1 Evasive Adj
Word
P.O.S
Definition
Synonym or Example 1
Evasive
Adj
Tending or seeing to escape, avoid, or shirk something 2
Extradite V
to give up (an alleged fugitive or criminal) to another state or nation at its request 3
Regenerate
to re-create especially in a better form or condition. 4
Aphorism N
a terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation 5
Creosote
an oily liquid having a burning taste and a penetrating odor; used mainly as a preservative for wood and as an antiseptic. 6
Primordial
pertaining to or existing at or from the very beginning 7
Metamorphose
to change the form or nature of; transform. 8
Feminism
the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men. 9
Subservient
servile; excessively submissive 10
Marginalize
to place in a position of little importance, influence, or power

26. AP Test Have your completed AP test out
Write your assigned # on your test
Get with the two other people w/same #
Compare answers; if you CHANGE your answer, highlight your new answer
Score & Discuss
Record Scores for base