1. Topic B - Factors affecting Human Growth and Development
B1: Nature/Nurture debate related factors
B2: Genetic factors that affect development
B3: Environmental factors that affect development
B4: Social factors that affect development
B6: Major life events that affect development
B5: Economic factors that affect development

2. B5: Economic factors that affect development
Economic factors are all the aspects of life related to money, including;
Educational achievements
Our jobs
How we choose to live
The amount of money we make
Poverty trap
Premature death
Ill health
Ability to pay bills
Reduced opportunities
Social exclusion
Poor eating habits
What do we already know about the impact of low income?

3. B5: Economic factors that affect development
Income and expenditure
Definition: a persons level of income and personal wealth
Lack of income may mean not being able to afford:
Clothing
Food
Housing
Bills
Those who cannot afford these basics are deemed as living in absolute poverty.
What could the social impacts be of having low income?
People who can afford basic resources but not much else are known as relative poverty.
Social exclusion
Discrimination (marginalisation)
Poverty trap
Gang culture
Poor self confidence and esteem

4. B5: Economic factors that affect development
Income and expenditure
Where does a persons weekly income go?
Accommodation
Food
Clothes
Bills
Income mainly comes from:
Wages from employment
Profits from your business if you are self-employed
Benefits paid by the government
Money from invested wealth, such as interest on bank accounts or bonds
Money raised through the sale or rent of property you own.
Did you know!
Although food banks provide food, many of those food are processed including tinned soup, meat, puddings and pasta sauce rather than fresh produce!
Which could cause long-term risks with deficiency in fibre, calcium, iron and vitamins.
Who is likely to be on low income?
Lone-parent families
Unemployed people
Older people
Sick people or people with disabilities
Families with single earners
Unskilled couples (where only one of the couple works, and in unskilled employment).

5. B5: Economic factors that affect development
Employment status
Employment status: whether a person is employed or not (manual or non-manual, part time or full time and future prospects.
Manual workers:
The more physical jobs usually done by people, which is often poor paid as it does not require high levels of qualifications.
Non-manual workers:
A person whose job involves the use of their mind, rather than the use of their hands or physical strength. Often higher paid requiring academia.
Activity – Independent Task
Employment status
Research the impact of the following job types on income(WAGE)/ wellbeing(HEALTH)
Waiters and waitresses
Cleaners

6. B5: Economic factors that affect development
Education
Education and economics: the stage of education reached, educational opportunities and achievements.
Complete the following sentences based on what you already know about income. You must include 3 points which can be either positive or negative.
People with few or no qualifications are likely to…
People with a good education are likely to…
Activity – Independent Task
Education
Research the UK poor and wealthy areas by qualifications (which areas have higher or lower levels?)
Research how social pressures and peer groups can impact on an individuals education.

7. B5: Economic factors that affect development
Lifestyle and Health
Lifestyle and health: being able to afford a healthy diet or access to service and choices which affect finance.
Your lifestyle represents the way you choose to spend your time and money.
To some extent, your lifestyle is something that you choose.
Many people never actively choose a lifestyle, it happens because of the stress of life events or economic pressure and it can be difficult to change without support.
Activity – Independent Task Lifestyle Research the following lifestyle choices and provide examples f the positive and negative impacts of each: Diet, Exercise, Use and misuse of substances (alcohol, drugs, tobacco)

8. Diet, Exercise, Use and misuse of substances (alcohol, drugs, tobacco)
Activity – Independent Task
Employment status
Research the impact of the following job types on income(WAGE)/ wellbeing(HEALTH)
Waiters and waitresses
Cleaners
Activity – Independent Task
Education
Research the UK poor and wealthy areas by qualifications (which areas have higher or lower levels?)
Research how social pressures and peer groups can impact on an individuals education.
Activity – Independent Task
Lifestyle
Research the following lifestyle choices and provide examples f the positive and negative impacts of each:
Diet, Exercise, Use and misuse of substances (alcohol, drugs, tobacco)