1. Totalitarianism Chapter 14.2
Definition: A government that takes control of every aspect of public and private life. The government decides who works, what work will be done and by whom, the hours worked and at what wages. The government decides where its workers live, and what those living conditions are. Government controls where its people lives.

2. Born in Gori, Georgia “Man of Steel”
Born in Gori, Georgia. His parents were poor – father was a violent drunk. In 1888 Josef’s mother sent him to Gori Spiritual Seminary School wanting him to become a priest. In 1894 he continued his education at the Tiflis Spiritual Seminary – there he read the censored works of Karl Marx; he also read works from Engels and Lenin, who inspired him to join the revolutionary Bolsheviks. He changed his name to Stalin – meaning “man of steel,” and was jailed many times. He was exiled to Siberia serving a four year term right before Nicholas II was forced to step down. The Bolsheviks controlled the region. Under Lenin, Stalin quietly put himself and his friends into positions of power eventually becoming a member of the party's Central Committee. Before Lenin’s death, Lenin did not trust Stalin – feeling he would abuse a position of power. Stalin was a rough, cold and impersonal man, who had trouble relating well with people – (marital problems/ related to his children seeing their failures rather than noticing any positive attributes). He was Lenin’s successor who transformed the USSR into a totalitarian state. After Russia had built their first Atomic bomb, Stalin died four days later of a stroke in 1953.
Josef Dzhughashvili
Joseph Stalin

3. Born in 1890 Kukarka, Russia “hammer”
Molotov heartlessly enforced Stalin’s brutal directives, putting in motion Stalin’s plans for the country’s rapid industrialization and collective farms yielding more agricultural productivity – millions died, and productivity was slow. He also signed off on Stalin’s “Great Purge,” and his prospective adversaries in the party and military commands; he was one of the few who emerged from this period safe. During WWII, Molotov was a hard-hitting negotiator, earning the nickname “Iron Pants.” His name was also used to describe a homemade bomb: the “Molotov cocktail.”  The “hammer” lived a full life – died in 1986.
Vyacheslav Scriabin changed his name to “Molotov”

4. Leon Trotsky born Leib Davidovich Bronstein
Trotsky was arrogant just as Stalin was. There was part of himself though that he hated --he was Jewish. He ignored the massacres on his people during the Russian Civil War. He was an intellectual like Lenin and was drawn to Bolshevism. He helped Lenin use the elected councils to secure power. He was the mastermind who overthrew the Provisional Government of Kerensky and mounted the Communists to power. He was the one who helped negotiate the treaty between Russia and Germany ending Russia’s involvement in WWI. He led the Red Bolshevik Army successfully against the White Army that was backed by the U.S and some other western powers defeating them in three years, but at the expense of the Russian people. He went into exile being Stalin’s rival to power – Stalin plotted against him several times – even bombed his home in Mexico City -- he met his fate with a pick-axe to his head by Ramon Mercader, and died in a hospital bed in 1940.
born Leib Davidovich Bronstein

5. Terms Review
Command Economy collective farm Kulak Great Purge socialist realism
Government makes ALL the economic decisions Large government owned farms Wealthy middle class citizens Stalin’s campaign of terror to eliminate anyone who threatened his power. Artistic style that praised the Soviet lifestyle and Communist values

6. Terms Review
Five-Year Plan Secret Police propaganda censorship religious persecution
Industrial and agricultural revolution to develop the USSR’s economy Stalin’s police who caused terror and violence A method used to promote nationalism and the values of a country – in this case Communism/the Soviet Government control of ALL forms of communication about their country Destruction and persecution of the Russian Orthodox Church and any religious leaders

7. 2. What methods did Stalin use to bring agriculture under state control?
established collective farms
use of terror and violence/secret police
destruction of kulaks (wealthy peasants)

8. 3. What effect did Stalin’s Great Purge have on the nation?
People were in constant fear of being arrested
As Stalin put past, trusted comrades on trail many Bolshevik revolutionaries were in fear of being put on trail
Millions died due to mass executions

9. 4. What forms of art did Stalin encourage?
ANY literature, films and paintings whose sole purpose was to glorify the Soviet State and depict communist values.

10. 5. Women’s rights?? PROS CONS
job opportunities higher education better skilled workers full-time paying jobs women in professional roles – doctors/scientists/engineers
Motherhood was a patriotic duty.
limited worker freedom
poor pay, long hours – no rights
Women were responsible for domestic duties – housework and caring for their children.