1. Urban Public Transport Development Strategic Priorities in China
Dr. Jiang Yulin
Director, China Urban Sustainable Transport Research Center, CATS, Ministry of Transport, P. R. China Secretary General of National Technical Committee on Urban Passenger Transport of Standardization Administration of China Secretary General of National Committee on Rail Transit Operation Management of China Urban Mass Transit Association

2. Contents
Background & Key challenges
Strategic Actions

3. 1. Background & Key challenges
China is going through a period of high-speed growth of both urbanization and motorization. The urban transport in major cities has become one of the key issues of social-economic development as well as urban functions in China.
In 2010,urbanization rate of China arrived 49.68%,about 19% of the world’s urban population lives in China.

4. Mode split has been changing
Bicycle share declined 1.9% annually;
Car share increased % annually
Public transport share increased % annually.
Mode shift from 1986 to 2010 in Beijing

5. Public transport service capacity lags behind social and economic development and transport demand growth
Average share rates
Low speed & low punctuality
Population below 1million
Poor comfort
Population between 1 million an 3million
Transfer inconveniently
四个问题一起出来，再分别出图片；总体滞后：分担率低；问题：五个问题：再说原因；三个层次；这种用徐司长交通论坛ppt；
总体滞后：国内国外对比-分担率，结构对比；
两个问题
Population above 3 million
Low coverage
Overall, PT share is below 20%, and service quality is low

6. The cost of the congestion problem is high

7. Contents
Background & Key challenges
Strategic Actions

8. 2 Actions of Prioritizing Urban Public Transport Development in China
Overall of Objectives
To establish national integrated transport networks
To decrease gap of development between rural and urban area
To balance transport development with high quality service of public transport
Integrated
efficient
safe
green
economical 8 8

9. Roles of different government in PT
The city governments should act as responsibility entity.
The provincial level governments have the monitoring and guiding responsibility.
The national governments should issue the law and policy.
The governmental departments should realize a fast and economic development by both working individually and having close cooperation together.

10. Urban public transport
Action 1 Institutional reform
Institutional reform at all levels for the
integration of urban transport development
Urban public transport
Highway
waterway
Post
civil aviation
MOB
Building and house
MOT

11. Action 1 Institutional reform 2008
Ministry of Transportation
passenger and freight transport
Ministry of Finance
Finance
Ministry of Building & Construction of urban and rural
Urban master planning rail transit plan & construction
Ministry of Public Security
traffic safety and fleet registration
Overall national economic and social development, price control
NDRC 11

12. Action 2 National public transport planning, 2010
Public transport development is included in "the 12th five-year plan for national economy and social development”, issued by the State Council.
To implement priority development strategy of public transport, and enhance public transport share
To plan rail transit network scientifically, and push orderly rail transit network construction
To actively develop BRT system, and improve the density and coverage of the line network
To guide private car use, and advocate non-motor transport
To integrate urban public transport and rural transport development

13. Rail transit development plan
Urban Metro system
1471 km in operation by 2010, 3000 km in operation by
The lines to open is longer than that of the past 40 years.

14. BRT development plan
BRT
By 2010: 514 km in operation
By 2015: 1000 km

15. energy saving emission reduction
Action 3 Urban Passenger Transport Standardization 2012
National Technical Committee on Urban Passenger Transport of Standardization Administration of China
Bus
BRT
Taxi
Rail
Rental car
Ferry …
safety & security
Infrastructure
Construction
energy saving emission reduction
Operation Management 15

16. Action 4 National Transit Metropolis Program2012
Initiating action plan of the national transit metropolis, 30 pilot cities by Beijing, Shenzhan, Taiyuan, Wuhan,Changsa,Nanjing,Wulumuqi,Zhengzou, Jinan, Kunming,Chongqin,ect. 15 /25 Cities have been approved.
MOT cooperated with local governments
Monitoring the process by developing the tools of China Urban Transport Database (CUTD)
Punctuality rate: 2% increased annually
Accidents: 2% decreased annually
Bus depots entering:>90%
IC Card:>80%
PT share rate: above 45%
PT stop coverage in downtown area: within 300m, 95%
Bus speed: >20km/hour 16

17. (Issued by the State Council No.〔2012〕64)
Action 5 Guidelines of Prioritizing Urban Public
Transport Development in China
(Issued by the State Council No.〔2012〕64)
Transforming transportation development pattern to take public transport as public good
1. Strength planning control
2. Speed up infrastructure construction
3. Enhance jointed transport & land developments 17

18. 4. Increase government investment
Action 5 Guidelines of Prioritizing Urban Public
Transport Development in China
4. Increase government investment
PT is included in city public budget
Mass transit, integrated hub, Information Center
Free of Vehicle Purchase Tax (VPT)
Electronic subside of under rail, Fuel consumption subside of bus
The value capture of integrated land development with transportation
The income of staffs in PT company should be in creased regularly, not less than city’s average income
5. Increase government finance
PPP, trust fund, private operators ect. 18

19. 6. Ensure road right priority 7. Encourage ITS
Action 5 Guidelines of Prioritizing Urban Public
Transport Development in China
6. Ensure road right priority
7. Encourage ITS
8. Improve ticket pricing mechanism
9. Set up the technique standardization system
10.Implement integrated transport management
Transport Demand management measures including law, economic and administrative tool such as Project traffic assessment 19

20. 11. Set up safety management regulation
Action 5 Guidelines of Prioritizing Urban Public
Transport Development in China
11. Set up safety management regulation
12. Regulate decision making procedures
Public involvement such as road planning and pricing changing
Reporting PT cost and server quality
13. Setup performance evaluating system
Development PT is the responsibility of local government, Provincial Gov. is in charge of surveillance and guides. Central Gov. made macro- development policy, laws and regulations. 20

21. Action 6 Urban Public Transport Law 2014
Future
Action 6 Urban Public Transport Law 2014
Keep the government as the major provider of public transport
Ensure local investment and land acquirement for public transport
Good institutional structure and cooperation scheme
Decentralizing some of the power, like Local TDM
Rail transit
Bus including suburb and city center
Taxi
Strategic planning
Finance & regulations
Institutional responsibility
Market review & supervision 21

22. … Future Action 7 Proposed Develop Sustainable Finance fuel tax
highway
waterway …
Route A
vehicle purchase tax
(bus exception)
National public transport fund
fuel subsidy
Central government
Transferring
public service:
water supply
education …
Local public transport fund
local government
public transport
Route B
Land value
Congestion fee
Urban development and maintenance fee

23. Transport transfer from Central Gov. to Local Gov
Transport transfer from Central Gov. to Local Gov. should including public transport
xx Yuan =（Length of highway (Km)× Cost Yuan/ km×30%+Population×average cost (Yuan/person)×20%+Number of counties× average cost of expenditure of counties×10%+Number of cars ×average cost per car×10%+ area coverage× average cost per ha×30%）×variation of land ” 23

24. company running on debt
Changing low cost ticket price toward high quality service of sustainable public transport
Govt. finance burden
Costume based service
company running on debt
Ticket price for bus varies from 7 cent to 30 cent/ trip
Subside from cities government 0 to 14 billion depend on the context of network and city finance capability

25. Change on March， 2008 from MHCRC to MOT
China Urban Sustainable Transport Research Center,
CATS, Ministry of Transport, P. R. China
MOT
Ministry of
Railways
Ministry of Finance
Urban Transport Policy
Bus Rail Taxi &
waterway
Highway construction
Long distance transport
Aviation
Civil
Post
CUSTReC
Private car
Change on March， 2008 from MHCRC to MOT
The CoE functions as
A think tank to provide policy decision making and technical support to the central, MOT and the local city level

26. THANK YOU 26