1. Research on Social & Political Trends in Turkey
#TSSEA
Research on Social & Political Trends in Turkey
KADİR HAS UNIVERSITY
CENTER FOR TURKISH STUDIES
31 January 2018
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2. General Framework Prof. Mustafa AYDIN Prof. Hasan Bülent KAHRAMAN
Sample
Methodology
Objective
Sample of the Research
Research Area : Turkey wide representative sample; age 18 and over, residing in the city centers of 26 cities (İstanbul, Ankara, Konya, Bursa, Kocaeli, İzmir, Aydın, Manisa, Tekirdağ, Balıkesir, Adana, Antalya, Hatay, Zonguldak, Samsun, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kırıkkale, Trabzon, Gaziantep, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Malatya, Bitlis, Erzurum, Ağrı)
Confidence Level : %95
Margin of Error: ±3,0
Sample Size: 1.000
Schedule
Field Work
11 December 2017 – 07 January 2018
Analysis and Report
08 January 2018 – 15 January 2018
Research Team
Prof. Mustafa AYDIN
Prof. Hasan Bülent KAHRAMAN
Prof. Banu BAYBARS HAWKS
Prof. Osman Z. ZAİM
Dr. Cihan DİZDAROĞLU
Objective of the Research
To determine public opinion and attitudes in Turkey towards present and potential problems and current events
Method
Research Method: Quantitative research
Data Collection Method: Face to face interviews based on prepared survey question form

3. DEMOGRAPHY
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4. Gender Distribution of Interviewed People
Demography (1)
Gender Distribution of Interviewed People
Marital Status of Interviewed People
Basis: 1000
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5. Demography (2) Total Household Size of Interviewed People
Age Distribution of Interviewed People
Total Household Size of Interviewed People
Age Average
41,4
Household Average
3,2
Basis: 1000

6. Demography (3) Average Household Income of Interviewed People
Socio-Economic Status of Interviewed People
Average Household Income (TL)
3.030,2
2016
3,1
15,9
21,0
31,0
24,7
4,3
Basis: 1000

7. Occupational Distribution
Demography (4)
Occupational Distribution
Educational Level
Job Status
Occupations %
 Self-Employed
%9,3
Self-employed, shop owner, tradesmen (taxi driver included)
4,9
Mobile business, self-employed (freelance included) no office
1,2
Business owner- 1-5 employees (Trade, Agriculture, Manufacturing)
Freelance expert (lawyer, engineer financial advisor, computer software developer etc.)
1,0
Farmer (solo/family-run)
0,6
Business owner employees (Trade, Agriculture, Manufacturing)
0,2
Business owner employees (Trade, Agriculture, Manufacturing)
 Waged Employees
%64,5
Worker/employee – regular job (wage)
39,5
Worker/employee – piecework (daily wage)
12,2
Non-executive officer / craft / expert etc.
8,6
Manager (1-5 employees)
Foreman/master-builder –self-employed worker
0,9
Manager (6-10 employees)
0,7
Manager (11-20 employees)
Waged-qualified expert (lawyer, doctor, architect, engineer etc.)
0,5
Manager (more than 20 employees)
0,3
Military man (military specialist, sergeant, military officer)
 Unemployed
%26,2
Housewife -no additional income, receiving help
9,8
Housewife -regular additional revenue
6,1
Student
4,2
Unemployed – currently not working – no additional income, receiving help
3,1
Unemployed – currently not working – regular additional revenue
3,0
Sum
100,0
Basis: 1000

8. Voted Party in the 2015 General Elections
Demography (5)
Voted Party in the 2015 General Elections
Which party did you vote for during 2015 general elections?
Political Views according to Party Affiliation
Political Party
Conservative
(%)
Nationalist
Social-Democrat
Republican/ Kemalist (%)
Socialist
Basis
AK Party
37,6
15,7
2,1
0,2
426
CHP
1,8
6,2
22,1
46,7
2,2
276
MHP
10,0
65,0
1,7
4,2
0,0
120
HDP
5,6
38,9
22,2 36
Voted Parties based on the Political Views
Political View
AK Party (%)
CHP (%)
MHP (%)
HDP (%)
Basis
Conservative
90,4
2,8
6,8
0,0
198
Nationalist
40,4
10,2
47,0
1,2
192
Republican/Kemalist
6,2
89,0
3,4
155
Social-Democrat
10,5
70,9
2,3
16,3
100
Socialist
6,3
37,5
50,0 20
1 November 2015
General Election Results %
AKP
49,5
CHP
25,3
MHP
11,9
HDP
10,8
Basis: 866
*According to the field research, there is a tendency to hide voting behavior in voters who voted for HDP in the elections of November 1.

9. POLITICAL AND ETHNIC BACKGROUND
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10. Position in the Political Spectrum
Political and Ethnic Background (1)
Position in the Political Spectrum
How would you define your political views?
%47,4
%44,7
%1,3 percent of people do not want to express their views.
Listed based on the political identities in 2017.
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

11. How would you define your ethnicity?
Political and Ethnic Background (2)
Ethnic Background
How would you define your ethnicity?
% 0,6 percent of people don’t know what is ethnic background.
Listed based on the ethnic backgrounds in 2017.
Basis
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
1000

12. How would you define your religious belief?
Political and Ethnic Background (3)
Religious Belief
How would you define your religious belief?
Basis: 1000
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13. TURKEY AND ITS PROBLEMS
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14. The Most Important Current Problem in Turkey
Turkey and Its Problems (1)
The Most Important Current Problem in Turkey
Please indicate from the selection provided on the card what is the most important current problem in Turkey?
%30,2
Data under 3,5% is not included in the chart.
7. Developments in Iraq (%2,5) | 8. Developments in Syria (%1,8) | 9. Corruption (%1,5)
Listed based on the top 6 problems in 2017.
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

15. The Most Important Current Problem in Turkey
Turkey and Its Problems (2)
The Most Important Current Problem in Turkey
- Turkish Origin -
- Kurdish Origin -
Data under %2,7 is not included in the chart.
Data under %6,5 is not included in the chart.
Basis
Turkish origin
Kurdish origin
899 62 15

16. Most important problems of Ankara/İzmir/İstanbul
Turkey and Its Problems (3)
Most important problems of Ankara/İzmir/İstanbul
What is the most important problem of ….?
İzmir
İstanbul
Ankara
Basis
İstanbul
Ankara
İzmir
271
100 88
Listed based on the top 5 problems.

17. Confidence in Institutions - 1 Sum of Positive views (%)
Turkey and Its Problems (4)
Confidence in Institutions - 1
Sum of Positive views (%)
2016 Confidence
Level: %34,7
2015 Confidence
Level: %43,9
2017 Confidence Level: %49,1
62,3
47,4
51,9
60,8
60,0
62,4
56,5
49,4
46,9
Police
Gendarmerie
Army
Presidency
Listed based on the total positive views in 2017.
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000

18. Confidence in Institutions - 2 Sum of Positive views (%)
Turkey and Its Problems (5)
Confidence in Institutions - 2
Sum of Positive views (%)
2016 Confidence
Level: %34,7
2015 Confidence
Level: %43,9
2017 Confidence Level: %49,1
56,0
46,0
43,0
54,0
45,6
46,1
49,4
35,5
38,8
Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Government
Judiciary
Listed based on the total positive views in 2017.
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000

19. Confidence in Institutions - 3 Sum of Positive views (%)
Turkey and Its Problems (6)
Confidence in Institutions - 3
Sum of Positive views (%)
2016 Confidence
Level: %34,7
2015 Confidence
Level: %43,9
2017 Confidence Level: %49,1
46,2
24,7
49,8
45,8
41,0
26,2
42,3
37,3
35,0
15,1
27,8
Universities
Directorate of Religious Affairs
NGOs
Opposition Parties
Media
Listed based on the total positive views in 2017.
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000

20. POLITICS
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21. Evaluation of Political Parties’ Performance Sum of Positive views (%)
Politics (1)
Evaluation of Political Parties’ Performance
When assessing parties’ performance in general, how do you evaluate their perofrmance?
Sum of Positive views (%)
Mean Line 2016: %22,4
Mean Line 2017: %26,4
51,7
48,9
42,3
33,4
17,2
25,9
26,1
18,3
11,2
12,2
8,4
5,3
AK Party
CHP
MHP
İYİ Party
HDP
Basis
2016
2017
1000

22. Evaluation of Parties’ Performance - Based on Party Loyalty
Politics (2)
Evaluation of Parties’ Performance - Based on Party Loyalty
Sum of Positive views (%)
Mean Line 2016: %52,3
Mean Line 2017: %72,6
88,0
90,2
75,7
54,2
51,7
60,0
75,0
4,9
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
Bais
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

23. Evaluation of Political Leaders’ Performance Sum of Positive views (%)
Politics (3)
Evaluation of Political Leaders’ Performance
When assessing leaders’ performance in general, how do you evaluate their performance?
Sum of Positive views (%)
Mean Line 2016: %21,5
Mean Line 2017: %32,4
56,4
48,5
45,8
45,5
34,8
15,1
31,5
18,6
15,4
10,6
6,6
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Binali Yıldırım
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
Devlet Bahçeli
Meral Akşener
Selahattin Demirtaş / Serpil Kemalbay
Basis
2016
2017
1000

24. Sum of Positive views (%)
Politics (4)
Evaluation of Political Leaders’ Performance – Based on Political Loyalty
Sum of Positive views (%)
Mean Line 2016: %63,3
Mean Line 2017: %75,4
92,4
87,6
80,6
60,6
75,8
86,3
75,6
48,1
52,5
58,1
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Selahattin Demirtaş / Serpil Kemalbay
Binali Yıldırım
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
Devlet Bahçeli
Baz
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

25. Support for President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Politics (5)
Support for President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
In general, do you support President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan?
%49,7
%85,4
%18,5
%28,3
%8,3
Level of support of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
-2016-
PDT
NDT
Overall
45,9
32,2
AK Party
84,4
5,4
CHP
4,2
71,0
MHP
29,1
38,2
HDP
5,0
85,2
PDT: Pozitif değerler toplamı
NDT: Negatif değerler toplamı
%28,5
%3,1
%64,1
%26,7
%66,7
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
1000
426
276
120 36

26. Political Polarization
Politics (6)
Political Polarization
Do you think that there is a political polarization in Turkey?
Basis
General
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
1000
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

27. The Axis of Polarization
Politics (7)
The Axis of Polarization
- Respondents think that there is a political polarization in Turkey (%52,7) -
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000
617
527

28. Political Vacuum in Turkey
Politics (8)
Political Vacuum in Turkey
Do you think that there is a political vacuum in Turkey?
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
1000
426
276
120 36 28

29. Do you think that İYİ Party/Good Party can fill this gap politically?
Politics (9)
The Respondents believe that İYİ Party Can Fill the Political Vacuum in Turkey
Do you think that İYİ Party/Good Party can fill this gap politically?
Basis
General
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
432
106
191 71 25 29

30. Politics (10) Political Spectrum of the İYİ Party
Where do you see İYİ Party in the political spectrum?
Political parties that İYİ Party would take most vote from
From which political parties, İYİ Party would take most vote from?
Basis: 1000

31. Politicization of Judiciary in Turkey
Politics (11)
Politicization of Judiciary in Turkey
Do you think that judiciary system is politicized in Turkey?
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

32. Politicization of Judiciary in Turkey – Based on Party Loyalty - 1
Politics (12)
Politicization of Judiciary in Turkey – Based on Party Loyalty - 1
AKP
CHP
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2017
426
276
120 36
2016
450
214
110 61
2015
489
250
128
111
2014
360
175
104 67
2013
356
242
112 53
2012
317
274 41

33. Politicization of Judiciary in Turkey – Based on Party Loyalty - 2
Politics (13)
Politicization of Judiciary in Turkey – Based on Party Loyalty - 2
MHP
HDP
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2017
426
276
120 36
2016
450
214
110 61
2015
489
250
128
111
2014
360
175
104 67
2013
356
242
112 53
2012
317
274 41

34. Qualities of an ideal President
Politics (14)
Qualities of an ideal President
Apart from the current political system and leaders, which of the following qualities an ideal president should have?
Data is under %8,9 not included in the chart.
Multiple answers.
Basis: 1000

35. Politics (15)
The Necessity of Alliance Candidate for the First Round of Presidential Elections
Do you think that political parties should make an alliance for the presidency elections in the first round?
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
1000
426
276
120 36

36. Politics (16)
Possibility of winning majority in the first round of Presidential Elections
Do you believe that any of the candidates would get the majority of the votes in the first round of the Presidency Elections of 2019?
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
1000
426
276
120 36

37. Politics (17) Support for Political Party Alliances in the Elections
Do you think that political parties should form an alliance before the elections and attend the election as an alliance?
Success Rate of Possible Election Alliances
If we suppose that alliance between political parties is allowed, which of the following alliances might be successful?
Baz: 1000

38. The Level of Approval of Forcing Several Mayors to Resign
Politics (18)
The Level of Approval of Forcing Several Mayors to Resign
Do you approve of forcing several mayors to resign?
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
1000
426
276
120 36

39. Qualities that Mayors should have
Politics (19)
Qualities that Mayors should have
Which of the following qualities of the mayor of İstanbul/Ankara/İzmir should have?
İstanbul
Ankara
İzmir
Basis
İstanbul
Ankara
İzmir
271
100 88

40. ECONOMY
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41. Evaluation of the Government’s Economic Policies
Economy (1)
Evaluation of the Government’s Economic Policies
When assessing in general, how do you rate the government’s economic policies? Please rate/indicate your evaluation of the government economy policy according to 1 definitely unsuccessful, 2 unsuccessful, 3 neither successful nor unsuccessful, 4 successful, 5 definitely unsuccessful.
%47,7
%38,7
%34,8
%33,5
%31,5
%27,7
%35,3
%43,7
%48,1
%42,0
%77,4
%24,6
%29,2
%11,2
%4,5
%57,6
%30,8
%63,9
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
426
276
120 36
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2016
2017
450
214
110 61
1000

42. Based on Political View
Economy (2)
Based on Political View
Evaluation of the Government’s Economic Policies
Sum of positive views (%)
72,8
71,2
39,1
18,0
15,0
12,3
Basis
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
Republican/Kemalist
276
198
192
100 20
155
* There is insufficient datae

43. Effects of Economic Developments of the Past Year
Economy (3)
Effects of Economic Developments of the Past Year
How did the economic developments of the past year affect you?
2017 %38,1 Member of C1 SES
2017 %41,3 Religious
2017 %33,0 Member of C2 SES
2017 %23,4 Religious
2017 %30,5 Member of C2 SES
2017 %33,2 Religious
2017 %29,3 Member of D SES
2017 %37,3 Conservative
The first four criteria are included in the chart.
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

44. Most Important Problem of the Turkish Economy
What is the weakest point and important problem of Turkish economy?
Data under %1,9 is not included in the chart.
Basis: 1000

45. FOREIGN POLICY /centerforturkishstudies http://ctrs.khas.edu.tr
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46. Evaluation of the Government’s Foreign Policy
When assessing in general, to what extent do you think the government is successful in the administration of foreign policy? Please indicate your rate of success like 1 Definitely Unsuccessful, 2 Unsuccessful, 3 Neither successful nor unsuccessful, 4 Successful, 5 Definitely Successful.
%45,9
%35,2
%32,5
%33,1
%34,7
%24,5
%33,0
%41,6
%45,4
%38,2
%75,2
%19,9
%27,5
%11,1
%4,0
%54,4
%22,5
%63,9
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
1000
426
276
120 36

47. Countries Turkey Should Collaborate with in its FP
Foreign Policy (2)
Countries Turkey Should Collaborate with in its FP
Which countries do you think Turkey should most closely ally itself with in its foreign policy?
Data under %8,5 is not included in the chart.
Listed based on 2017.
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

48. Threat posed to Turkey by Various Countries -1
Foreign Policy (3)
Threat posed to Turkey by Various Countries -1
Do you think the following countries pose a threat to Turkey?
USA
Israel
United Kingdom
Syria
Iraq
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000
Listed based on 2017.

49. Threat posed to Turkey by Various Countries-2
Foreign Policy (4)
Threat posed to Turkey by Various Countries-2
Do you think the following countries pose a threat to Turkey?
France
Armenia
Germany
Greece
Iran
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000
Listed based on 2017.

50. Turkey’s Allies or Friends
Foreign Policy (5)
Turkey’s Allies or Friends
Which one of the following states are Turkey’s ally or friend?
Basis: 1000

51. Support for Turkey’s EU Membership
Foreign Policy (6)
Support for Turkey’s EU Membership
Are you in favor of Turkey’s EU membership?
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

52. Envisioning the Possibility of Turkey’s EU Membership
Foreign Policy (7)
Envisioning the Possibility of Turkey’s EU Membership
Do you think Turkey will manage to become a member of the EU?
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

53. The Negotiations for Turkey’s EU membership
Foreign Policy (8)
The Negotiations for Turkey’s EU membership
Under the recent national and international developments, what do you think about Turkey’s ongoing EU membership negotiations?
Basis: 1000

54. Turkey’s NATO Membership Security of Turkey without NATO Support
Foreign Policy (9)
Turkey’s NATO Membership
What do you think about Turkey’s membership to NATO according to recent national and international developments?
Security of Turkey without NATO Support
Do you think that Turkey can provide for its security without being a NATO member?
Basis: 1000

55. Evaluation of the Government’s Syria Policy
Foreign Policy (10)
Evaluation of the Government’s Syria Policy
Do you think Turkey’s Syria policy is successful?
%29,5
%25,9
%32,3
%21,6
%50,3
%53,7
%31,2
%52,0
%38,5
%28,3
Basis
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

56. Foreign Policy (11) Support for Turkey’s Military Presence in Abroad
Do you support Turkey’s military presence/establishing military bases in abroad?
Support for Turkey’s Cross Border Military Operations
In general, do you support Turkey’s cross border military operations in terms of fighting against terrorism?
Basis: 1000

57. KURDISH ISSUE /centerforturkishstudies http://ctrs.khas.edu.tr
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58. Evaluation of the Government’s Policies on the Kurdish Issue
What is your overall evaluation on the government’s policies regarding the Kurdish issue?
%43,5
%33,8
%29,9
%25,0
%30,8
%22,6
%25,5
%31,2
%40,0
%47,7
%49,4
%50,5
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

59. Kurdish Issue (2) The main bond connecting Turks and Kurds
Please indicate from the selection provided on the card that you believe to be the main bond connecting the Turks and the Kurds
Views on re-starting the “resolution” process
Do you think the “resolution” process should re-start?
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000 59

60. Regime Type Requested by Kurds
Kurdish Issue (3)
Regime Type Requested by Kurds
In your opinion, which regime type will be suitable for Kurds presented on cards?
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

61. Regime Type Requested by Kurds
Kurdish Issue (4)
Regime Type Requested by Kurds
Turkish Origin
Kurdish Origin
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
Basis
Turkish Origin
Turkish
Origin
Kurdish
899
834
333
597
511
500 62
111 91
103 93 63

62. PKK’s Representation of Kurds Living in Turkey
Kurdish Issue (5)
PKK’s Representation of Kurds Living in Turkey
To what extent do you think the PKK represents the Kurds living in Turkey?
%18,7
%19,2
%19,9
%27,7
%22,7
%36,1
%46,5
%54,4
%52,0
%42,4
%57,4
%56,5
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

63. Kurdish Issue (6)
Evaluation of Abdullah Öcalan’s Influence over the Kurds, PKK and HDP How much influence do you think Adullah Öcalan has over the Kurds, PKK and HDP?
Influence on PKK
Influence on HDP
Influence on Kurds
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

64. HDP’s Representation of Kurds Living in Turkey
Kurdish Issue (7)
HDP’s Representation of Kurds Living in Turkey
To what extent do you think the HDP represents the Kurds living in Turkey?
%22,4
%22,0
%32,2
%31,3
%24,7
%24,1
%40,0
%49,1
%35,3
%37,7
%52,0
%53,3
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

65. Kurdish Issue (8)
Evaluation of Selahattin Demirtaş’s Influence over the Kurds, PKK and HDP
How much influence do you think Selahattin Demirtaş has over the Kurds, PKK and HDP?
Basis: 1000

66. How do you evaluate the arrests of HDP deputies?
Kurdish Issue (9)
Arrest of HDP deputies
How do you evaluate the arrests of HDP deputies?
2017
%58,5
%63,0
%12,9
%15,1
%11,2
%59,6
2016
%56,6
%64,4
%19,0
%20,4
%66,6
Definitely approve
%77,0
%40,2
%69,1
%5,6
%7,3
%19,2
%9,1
%88,9
Approve
Neither approve nor don’t approve
Don’t approve
Definitely don’t approve
Genel
Turkish Origin
Kurdish Origin
Basis
2016
1000
834
111
2017
899 62
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
426
276
120 36 66

67. Kurdish Issue (10)
Effects of Recent Developments both in Iraq and Syria on Political Expectations of Kurds
How recent developments in Iraq and Syria did affect expectations of Kurds in Turkey?
Evaluation of Turkey’s Policy Towards Barzani’s Independence Referendum
Do you support Turkey’s policy towards on independency referendum supported by Barzani of North Iraq?
Basis: 1000

68. The Possibility of Declaration of Independence in Iraq
Kurdish Issue (11)
The Possibility of Declaration of Independence in Iraq
Do you think that any possible declaration of independence in Iraq would create the same expectation among the Kurdish citizens in Turkey?
The Possibility of Establishing an Autonomous Kurdish Region in Northern Syria
Do you think that any possible establishment of an autonomous Kurdish region in North Syria would create the same expectation among the Kurdish citizens in Turkey?
Basis: 1000

69. TERROR
/centerforturkishstudies
/ctrs_khas

70. Perception of the Danger of Turkey Being Divided
Terror (1)
Perception of the Danger of Turkey Being Divided
Do you think Turkey is in danger of being divided?
Political view
Year
Yes (%)
No (%)
No opinion (%)
Basis
Conservative
2017
9,1
83,3
7,6
198
2016
29,6
61,9
8,4
226
2015
42,5
47,3
10,1
207
2014
23,7
64,7
11,6
192
2013
28,3
54,3
17,3
392
Religious
33,3
51,1
15,6
276
25,3
65,6
9,0
221
40,8
45,6
13,6
147
Republican/Kemalist
53,5
34,8
155
63,1
28,0
8,9
157
65,7
27,6
6,7
254
74,5
18,8
165
65,1
22,4
12,5
Nationalist
24,0
58,9
17,2
55,3
15,1
152
55,8
39,9
4,3
163
34,7
6,4
202
49,4
37,6
12,9
178
Social Democrat
37,0
53,0
10,0
100
52,4
31,0
16,6
126
37,2
7,4 94
54,0
36,5
9,5
35,9
47,8
16,3 92
Socialist -
70,0
30,0 20
51,0
28,6
20,4 49
76,7
8,2 73
46,2
41,0
12,8 39
66,7 36
Baz
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

71. The Most Effective Way to Solve the Terror Problem in Turkey
Which of the following do you think is the most effective way to solve the terror problem?
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

72. Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combatting PKK
Terror (3)
Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combatting PKK
How do you rate the government’s performance in combatting terror in the past year?
%24,9
%28,4
%45,8
%43,6
%46,0
%48,0
%42,4
%35,6
%28,0
%25,6
%33,3
%24,3
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

73. Based on Political Party Affiliation
Terror (4)
Based on Political Party Affiliation
Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combating PKK
2017
%5,9
%50,4
%29,2
%52,8
%67,9
%20,3
%25,8
%2,8
2016
%8,5
%54,2
%33,6
%75,4
%63,1
%7,9
%25,5
%1,6
Definitely Successful
Successful
Neither successful nor unsuccessful
Unsuccessful
Definitely unsuccessful
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

74. Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combating FETO
Terror (5)
Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combating FETO
How do you rate the government’s performance in combating FETO? Please indicate your rate of government’s performance like 1 Definitely unsuccessful, 2 Unsuccessful, 3 Neither successful nor unsuccessful, 4 Successful, 5 Definitely successful..
2017
%50,9
%61,3
%25,4
%39,2
%11,2
2016
%45,8
%75,1
%19,7
%38,2
%6,6
2017
%20,9
%3,5
%50,0
%17,5
%52,8
2016
%20,3
%4,6
%41,1
%18,1
%55,7
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

75. Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combating ISIS
Terror (6)
Evaluation of the Government’s Performance in Combating ISIS
How do you rate the government’s performance in combating ISIS?
Please indicate your rate of government’s performance like 1 Definitely unsuccessful, 2 Unsuccessful, 3 Neither successful nor unsuccessful, 4 Successful, 5 Definitely successful.
2017
%45,2
%74,2
%17,8
%26,7
%11,2
2016
%39,5
%68,0
%11,2
%33,6
%1,6
2017
%22,8
%3,5
%49,6
%22,5
%58,3
2016
%26,2
%7,6
%48,6
%23,7
%73,8
BBasis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

76. Political Extensions of the FETO
Terror (7)
Political Extensions of the FETO
Do you believe that the FETO has political extensions?
2017
%55,8
%63,0
%50,3
%56,7
%50,0
%12,3
%9,6
%18,1
%10,0
%11,1
2016
%52,6
%58,9
%56,5
%50,0
%52,5
2016
%15,9
%16,0
%13,0
%13,7
%19,7
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
1000
489
250
128
111
2017
426
276
120 36

77. Do you believe that FETO is still a threat to Turkey?
Terror (8)
In which party do you think the political extensions of FETO exist the most?
Do you believe that FETO is still a threat to Turkey?
2016
30,6
37,6
7,4
23,0 -
1,3
Basis
Overall
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
1000
489
250
128
111
2017
426
276
120 36
Basis
2017
2016
558
526

78. Support for the State of Emergency
Terror (9)
Support for the State of Emergency
Did you support the declaration of the state of emergency after the events of July 15th, 2016?
Based on political party affiliation
Political Party
Yes
(%) No
No opinion
Basis
AK Party
81,0
11,0
8,0
426
CHP
41,7
46,0
12,3
276
MHP
59,2
25,8
15,0
120
HDP
16,7
75,0
8,3 36
According to political view
Political View
Yes
(%) No
No opinion
Basis
Conservative
64,9
23,6
11,6
276
Religious
86,9
8,1
5,1
198
Republican/ Kemalist
64,6
18,8
16,7
192
Nationalist
40,6
43,9
15,5
155
Social Democrat
16,0
78,0
6,0
100
Socialist
30,0
55,0
15,0 20
Basis: 1000 78

79. Extension of the State of Emergency
Terror (10)
Extension of the State of Emergency
Do you think that the state of emergency should be extended?
Based on political party affiliation
Political Party
Yes
(%) No
No opinion
Basis
AK Party
61,7
27,5
10,8
426
CHP
18,8
69,2
12,0
276
MHP
30,8
47,5
21,7
120
HDP
8,3
86,1
5,6 36
According to political view
Political View
Yes
(%) No
No opinion
Basis
Conservative
52,2
33,3
14,5
276
Religious
66,2
25,8
8,1
198
Republican/ Kemalist
34,4
45,3
20,3
192
Nationalist
11,6
74,2
14,2
155
Social Democrat
9,0
82,0
100
Socialist
5,0
90,0 20
Basis: 1000 79

80. Democratic Rights under the State of Emergency
Terror (11)
Democratic Rights under the State of Emergency
Do you think that the state of emergency rule since 21 July 2016 has violated the democratic rights and freedoms?
Based on political party affiliation
Political Party
Yes
(%) No
No opinion
Basis
AK Party
36,4
48,4
15,3
426
CHP
67,8
17,4
14,9
276
MHP
40,8
39,2
20,0
120
HDP
86,1
5,6
8,3 36
According to political view
Political View
Yes
(%) No
No opinion
Basis
Conservative
42,8
38,4
18,8
276
Religious
30,3
58,1
11,6
198
Republican/ Kemalist
38,0
39,6
22,4
192
Nationalist
65,8
14,8
19,4
155
Social Democrat
73,0
21,0
6,0
100
Socialist
70,0
25,0
5,0 20
Basis: 1000 80

81. SOCIO-CULTURAL INDICATORS /centerforturkishstudies
/ctrs_khas

82. Identities (1) Religious-Secular
Which characteristic do you think best explains Turkey’s current status?
Religious-Secular
Overall
Socialist
Republican/
Kemalist
Social Democrat
Religious
Nationalist
Conservative
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
Basis
Overall
Republican/Kemalist
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
2015
1000
254
147
207
163 94 73
2016
157
221
226
152
126 49
2017
155
276
198
192
100 20
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

83. Identities (2) Western-Eastern
Which characteristic do you think best explains Turkey’s current status?
Western-Eastern
Overall
Nationalist
Conservative
Religious
Socialist
Republican/
Kemalist
Social Democrat
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
Basis
Overall
Republican/Kemalist
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
2015
1000
254
147
207
163 94 73
2016
157
221
226
152
126 49
2017
155
276
198
192
100 20
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

84. European – Middle Eastern
Identities (3)
Which characteristic do you think best explains Turkey’s current status?
European – Middle Eastern
Overall
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Republican/
Kemalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
Ak Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
Basis
Overall
Republican/Kemalist
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
2015
1000
254
147
207
163 94 73
2016
157
221
226
152
126 49
2017
155
276
198
192
100 20
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

85. Democratic – Authoritarian
Identities (4)
Which characteristic do you think best explains Turkey’s current status?
Democratic – Authoritarian
Overall
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Republican/
Kemalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
Ak Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
Basis
Overall
Republican / Kemalist
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
2015
1000
254
147
207
163 94 73
2016
157
221
226
152
126 49
2017
155
276
198
192
100 20
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

86. Modern – Underdeveloped
Identities (5)
Which characteristic do you think best explains Turkey’s current status?
Modern – Underdeveloped
Overall
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Republican/
Kemalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
Ak Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
Basis
Overall
Republican / Kemalist
Religious
Conservative
Nationalist
Social Democrat
Socialist
2015
1000
254
147
207
163 94 73
2016
157
221
226
152
126 49
2017
155
276
198
192
100 20
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2015
489
250
128
111
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36

87. The Will of Neighboring with Different Identities
Please indicate whether you want to be neighboring with one of the following
Basis: 1000

88. You disapprove if your child gets married with:
Identities (7)
You disapprove if your child gets married with:
I don’t approve any of the above: %28,2
Basis: 1000

89. Social Relations (1)
Democracy in Turkey
Basis
2015
2016
2017
1000

90. The Most Prestigious Jobs in Turkey
Socio-Cultural (1)
The Most Prestigious Jobs in Turkey
Which of the followings are the most prestigious jobs in Turkey?
Data under %5,6 is not included in the chart.
Basis: 1000

91. Printed or Online Newspaper
Socio-Cultural (2)
Reading Newspaper
How often do you read newspaper?
Printed or Online Newspaper
Do you read your newspaper online or printed?
Weekly average
3,7 days
Online
%55,4
Printed
%44,6
Basis: 1000
Basis: 574

92. Socio-Cultural (3)
Frequency of reading newspaper based on political affiliation
Political Party
Average / Days
Basis
AK Party
3,6
228
CHP
3,7
199
MHP
3,3 94
HDP
3,0 20
By regions
Regions
Average / Days
Basis
Marmara
3,2
286
Central Anatolia
4,2 73
Aegean
5,2
112
Mediterranean
3,0 51
Southeastern Anatolia
2,2 41
Black Sea
4,6 37
Eastern Anatolia
3,3 29
Frequency of reading newspaper according to political view
Political View
Average / Days
Basis
Religious
3,4
178
Conservative
3,8 94
Nationalist
131
Republican / Kemalist
105
Social Democrat
4,3 71
Socialist
4,4 14 92

93. Based on Political Affiliation According to Political View
Socio-Cultural (4)
Book reading
How often do you read?
Based on Political Affiliation
Political Party
Average / Days
Basis
AK Party
1,8
163
CHP
2,4
152
MHP
2,0 61
HDP
2,7 21
Weekly average
2,2 days
According to Political View
Political View
Average / Days
Basis
Religious
2,1
146
Conservative
1,9 57
Nationalist
1,8 96
Republican / Kemalist
2,6 77
Social Democrat
2,3 51
Socialist
3,0 16
By regions
Regions
Average / Days
Basis
Marmara
1,9
200
Central Anatolia
1,5 60
Aegean
3,1 77
Mediterranean
3,2 45
Southeastern Anatolia
1,1 37
Black Sea
2,6 27
Eastern Anatolia
2,4 26
Basis: 1000

94. Based on Political Affiliation According to Political View
Socio-Cultural (5)
Based on Political Affiliation
Number of Books
How many books do you read in a year?
Political Party
Average Books
Basis
AK Party
5,2
163
CHP
6,1
152
MHP
5,0 61
HDP
6,2 21
Average
5,4
According to Political View
Political View
Average Books
Basis
Religious
4,2
146
Conservative
5,9 57
Nationalist
5,4 96
Republican / Kemalist
6,3 77
Social Democrat
6,7 51
Socialist
8,5 16
By regions
Regions
Average Books
Basis
Marmara
4,3
200
Central Anatolia
5,2 60
Aegean
8,3 77
Mediterranean
6,9 45
Southeastern Anatolia
5,6 37
Black Sea
3,1 27
Eastern Anatolia 26
Basis: 472

95. Based on Political Affiliation According to Political View
Socio-Cultural (6)
Based on Political Affiliation
Going to Theatre
How often do you go to theatre?
Political Party
Average
Basis
AK Party
1,2
103
CHP
0,8
MHP
1,4 35
HDP
1,0 15
Monthly average
1,3
According to Political View
Political View
Average
Basis
Religious
1,4
116
Conservative
0,8 35
Nationalist
1,0 46
Republican / Kemalist
0,7 58
Social Democrat 18
Socialist
0,5 11
By regions
Regions
Average
Basis
Marmara
1,2
166
Central Anatolia
0,5 40
Aegean
0,6 13
Mediterranean 25
Southeastern Anatolia
0,8 15
Black Sea
1,9 22
Eastern Anatolia
1,3 20
Bsis: 1000

96. Based on Political Affiliation According to Political View
Socio-Cultural (7)
Based on Political Affiliation
Going to Cinema
How often do you go to cinema?
Political Party
Average
Basis
AK Party
1,2
238
CHP
1,0
195
MHP
1,1 80
HDP
1,3 22
Monthly Average
1,5
According to Political View
Political View
Average
Basis
Religious
1,9
156
Conservative
0,6
106
Nationalist
1,0
137
Republican / Kemalist
0,8
111
Social Democrat 62
Socialist
1,1 17
By regions
Regions
Average
Basis
Marmara
1,5
246
Central Anatolia
0,7
111
Aegean 88
Mediterranean 67
Southeastern Anatolia 41
Black Sea
1,9 39
Eastern Anatolia 32
Basis: 1000

97. Socio-Cultural (8) Events apart from theatre and cinema
Based on Party Affiliation
Events apart from theatre and cinema
Which of the following events do you go apart from theatre and cinema? How many times in a year?
Political Party
Pop music concert
Football match
Turkish classical or folk music concert
Classical music concert
Exhibition
Basis
AK Party
21,6
23,9
19,5
11,5
7,5
426
CHP
35,5
18,5
19,9
10,5
8,0
276
MHP
20,8
35,0
12,5
10,0
5,8
120
HDP
16,7
30,6
33,3
11,1
2,8 36
Average
According to political view
2,2
Political View
Pop music concert
Football match
Turkish classical or folk music concert
Classical music concert
Exhibition
Basis
Religious
21,0
12,7
23,2
15,9
5,1
276
Conservative
18,7
27,3
16,7
10,6
6,6
198
Nationalist
26,6
37,5
13,0
4,7
8,3
192
Republican / Kemalist
34,2
23,9
15,5
5,8
10,3
155
Social Democrat
38,0
25,0
24,0
15,0
4,0
100
Socialist
30,0
50,0
10,0
5,0 20
4,8
2,0
By regions
Regions
Pop music concert
Football match
Turkish classical or folk music concert
Classical music concert
Exhibition
Basis
Marmara
24,7
21,2
18,2
14,7
5,7
401
Central Anatolia
15,7
31,4
13,4
8,7
5,8
172
Aegean
66,9
22,3
19,4
7,9
139
Mediterranean
16,8
36,4
9,3 ,9
13,1
107
Southeastern Anatolia
14,1
25,0
28,1
9,4 64
Black Sea
21,9
23,4
1,6
Eastern Anatolia
7,5
13,2
39,6
11,3 53
2,1
2,1
Basis: 1000

98. Based on Political Affiliation According to Political View
Socio-Cultural (9)
Based on Political Affiliation
Watching TV
How many hours a day do you watch TV?
Political Party
Average
Basis
AK Party
3,2
412
CHP
2,8
267
MHP
2,9
116
HDP
2,2 33
Average
2,9 hours
According to Political View
Political View
Average
Basis
Religious
3,1
271
Conservative
2,9
189
Nationalist
185
Republican / Kemalist
2,8
149
Social Democrat
2,7 95
Socialist
1,9 18
By Regions
Regions
Average
Basis
Marmara
3,0
388
Central Anatolia
3,1
167
Aegean
2,9
126
Mediterranean
2,8
103
Southeastern Anatolia
2,2 61
Black Sea 63
Eastern Anatolia 51
Basis: 1000

99. Social media and computer games
Socio-Cultural (10)
Based on Political Affiliation
Social media and computer games
How much time do you spend on social media or for computer games each day?
Political Party
Average
Basis
AK Party
2,6
336
CHP
2,5
237
MHP
104
HDP 25
Average
2,4 hours
According to Political View
Political View
Average
Basis
Religious
2,7
211
Conservative
2,2
161
Nationalist
2,8
171
Republican / Kemalist
2,6
126
Social Democrat
2,3 77
Socialist 19
By Regions
Regions
Average
Basis
Marmara
2,8
332
Central Anatolia
2,6
150
Aegean
116
Mediterranean
2,3 79
Southeastern Anatolia
1,7 42
Black Sea 55
Eastern Anatolia
2,5 39
Bass: 1000

100. The frequency of going to a restaurant for dinnner
Socio-Cultural (11)
Based on Political Affiliation
The frequency of going to a restaurant for dinnner
How often do you go to a restaurant with your family for dinner?
Political Party
Average
Basis
AK Party
3,8
356
CHP
3,1
233
MHP
2,8
105
HDP
2,6 19
Average
2,6 times
According to Political View
Political View
Average
Basis
Religious
5,0
220
Conservative
3,2
160
Nationalist
3,8
170
Republican / Kemalist
2,5
129
Social Democrat 76
Socialist
1,7 13
By Regions
Regions
Average
Basis
Marmara
5,0
317
Central Anatolia
1,7
156
Aegean
2,4
115
Mediterranean
3,0 91
Southeastern Anatolia
0,9 31
Black Sea
4,9 59
Eastern Anatolia
4,8 41
Basis: 1000

101. The direction of the change in Turkey
Please indicate the direction of the change in Turkey. Would you consider the change in Turkey for better or worse?
Change in Turkey
When you assessing in general, do you think that Turkey is a changing country
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000
634
657
562
482

102. Direction of the Change Political Party Affiliation
Change in Turkey
Direction of the Change
Political Party Affiliation
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
316 97 61 31
2015
246
106 62 15

103. Getting Better Areas in Turkey Getting Worse Areas in Turkey
Change (3)
Getting Better Areas in Turkey
You claimed thatTurkey is getting better after this change. Which area are affeted utmost by the change
Getting Worse Areas in Turkey
You claimed that Turkey is getting worse after this change. Which area are affected utmost by the change
Data under %3,6 is not included in the chart.
Multiple choices
Data under %2,3 is not included in the chart
Multiple choices
Basis: 343
(Areas that getting better in Turkey)
Basis: 139
(Areas that getting worse in Turkey)

104. Being Happy to Live in Turkey
Change (4)
Being Happy to Live in Turkey
Are you happy living in Turkey?
%12,4
%17,7
%25,7
%19,7
%16,0
%14,7
%52,5
%51,3
%48,0
%60,7
%67,2
%65,0
Basis
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
1000

105. Reasons to Prefer a Life Abroad
Change (5)
Prefer to Live Abroad
Would you prefer live abroad if it is possible?
Reasons to Prefer a Life Abroad
Why would you want to live abroad?
Overall
CHP
HDP
MHP
AK Party
Data under %3,4 is not included in the chart..
Basis
AK Party
CHP
MHP
HDP
2016
450
214
110 61
2017
426
276
120 36
Basis: 174
(Preferring to live abroad)

106. E-mail: ctrs@khas.edu.tr | Telephone: (212) 533 65 33 - 4913&4914
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Center for Turkish Studies
Kadir Has University Research Centers’ Compound, Yazar Orhan Kemal Str., No: 7, Fatih – İSTANBUL
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