1. • Sebaceous (oil) gland • Hair follicle
Figure 7.1 Skin structure.
Hair shaft
Dermal papillae
Epidermis
Subpapillary plexus
Papillary layer
Sweat pore
Dermis
Appendages of skin
Reticular layer
• Eccrine sweat gland
• Arrector pili muscle
• Sebaceous (oil) gland
• Hair follicle
Hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue; not part of skin)
• Hair root
Cutaneous plexus
Nervous structures
Adipose tissue
• Sensory nerve fiber with free nerve endings
• Lamellar corpuscle
• Hair follicle receptor (root hair plexus)

2. Figure 7.2 The main structural features in epidermis of thin skin.
Keratinocytes
Dendritic cell
Stratum corneum Most superficial layer; 20–30 layers of dead cells, essentially flat membranous sacs filled with keratin. Glycolipids in extracellular space.
Stratum granulosum One to five layers of flattened cells, organelles deteriorating; cytoplasm full of lamellar granules (release lipids) and keratohyaline granules.
Stratum spinosum Several layers of keratinocytes joined by desmosomes. Cells contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made of pre-keratin.
Stratum basale Deepest epidermal layer; one row of actively mitotic stem cells; some newly formed cells become part of the more superficial layers.
Dermis
Dermis
Tactile (Merkel) cell
Melanin granule
Sensory nerve ending
Desmosomes
Melanocyte 2

3. Figure 7.3 Photograph of a deep (stage III) decubitus ulcer.

4. Figure 7.4 Structure of a nail.
Lateral nail fold
Lunule
Free edge of nail
Body of nail
Eponychium (cuticle)
Root of nail
Nail matrix
Proximal nail fold
Hyponychium
Nail bed
Phalanx (bone of fingertip) 4

5. Figure 7.5 Structure of a hair and hair follicle.
Follicle wall
• Peripheral connective tissue (fibrous) sheath
• Glassy membrane
• External epithelial root sheath
• Internal epithelial root sheath
Hair
• Cuticle
• Cortex
• Medulla
Hair shaft
Arrector pili muscle
Sebaceous gland
Hair root
Hair bulb
Follicle wall
• Peripheral connective tissue fibrous) sheath
• Glassy membrane
• External epithelial root sheath
• Internal epithelial root sheath
Hair root
• Cuticle
• Cortex
• Medulla
Hair matrix
Hair papilla
Melanocyte
Subcutaneous adipose tissue 5

6. Figure 7.6 Photomicrographs of skin.
Sloughing stratum corneum cells
Epidermis
Hair follicle
Hair shaft
Dermis
Epidermis
• Stratum corneum
• Stratum lucidum
• Stratum granulosum
• Stratum spinosum
• Stratum basale
Dermis 6

7. Figure 7.7 Cutaneous glands.
Sebaceous gland
Sweat pore
Dermal connective tissue
Sebaceous gland duct
Hair in hair follicle
Eccrine gland
Duct
Dermal connective tissue
Secretory cells
Photomicrograph of a sectioned sebaceous gland (100)
Photomicrograph of a sectioned eccrine gland (145) 7