1. Unit 4: Using Spreadsheets to Make Economic Choices Lessons 20–26

2. Format Cells and Columns
Lesson 20:
Format Cells and Columns
Outcomes
Merge cells.
Align text vertically.
Wrap text.
Shrink text to fit in a cell.
Indent text in a cell.
Unit 4: Lesson 20

3. Merging Cells
Merge & Center joins the selected cells and centers the content in the new cell.
Merge Across joins the selected cells in selected rows into a larger cell within each row.
Merge Cells joins selected cells into one cell without changing horizontal alignment.
Unmerge Cells splits the selected cells into multiple new cells.
Unit 4: Lesson 20

4. Aligning Text Vertically
Cell content can be aligned at the top, middle, and bottom of the cell and aligned at the left, center, and right of the cell.
Choose one option from the top group of options (top, middle, and bottom) and one from the bottom group of options (left, center, and right).
Align content at the top, middle, and bottom of the cell.
Align content at the left, center, and right side of the cell.
Unit 4: Lesson 20

5. Wrapping Text
Text will be displayed over the empty cells next to it if the cells are empty.
Wrapped text will fit in a cell because the height of the cell adjusts automatically.
Unit 4: Lesson 20

6. Shrinking Text to Fit
Shrink to Fit reduces the size of the content to fit the size of the cell.
This is useful when the available space is limited to a specific size.
Unit 4: Lesson 20

7. Increasing and Decreasing Cell Indents
Use indents to organize text. Indicate categories, levels in a hierarchy, and members of a group with indents.
Unit 4: Lesson 20

8. Worksheet Views, Page Setup, and Print
Lesson 21:
Worksheet Views, Page Setup, and Print
Outcomes
Use landscape orientation.
Change page margins and center and scale worksheets.
Use Print Preview.
Change worksheet views.
Insert headers and footers.
Adjust column width and row height.
Unit 4: Lesson 21

9. Using Landscape Orientation
Landscape orientation turns the page sideways, enabling wider material to fit on the screen and the printed page.
Portrait orientation
Landscape orientation
Unit 4: Lesson 21

10. Adjusting Page Margins
The preset options are Normal, Wide, and Narrow.
Changing the margins of a worksheet can present more information or improve its appearance.
Custom margins can be set.
Unit 4: Lesson 21

11. Centering and Scaling Worksheets
Make a worksheet more readable and attractive by centering it on the printed page and scaling it to fit a single page.
Select centering options on the Margins tab.
Select scaling options on the Page tab.
Unit 4: Lesson 21

12. Print Preview Preview a worksheet before printing.
Make changes if needed before printing.

13. Changing Worksheet Views
Normal view is the default view.
Use Page Layout view to see a preview of the printed worksheet.
Use Page Break Preview to insert page breaks.
Status bar views
View tab views
Unit 4: Lesson 21

14. Inserting Headers and Footers
Headers and footers are displayed in the top or bottom margin.
Select predefined elements or customize.
Customize the appearance of headers and footers.
Select the pages where they are displayed.
Predefined elements used in headers and footers
Unit 4: Lesson 21

15. Adjusting Column Width and Row Height
Size can be adjusted in several ways.
Drag the borders.
Select an AutoFit option.
Select Row Height or Column Width and key a size.
Cell size options
Unit 4: Lesson 21

16. Proofread and Print Settings
Lesson 22:
Proofread and Print Settings
Outcomes
Set print area.
Set page breaks.
Select paper size.
Check spelling.
Show/hide worksheet elements.
Unit 4: Lesson 22

17. Setting the Print Area Set the print area in two ways.
Select the cells to be printed and select the Set Print Area command.
Select options in the Settings area of the Print Screen.
Unit 4: Lesson 22

18. Setting Page Breaks
Page breaks are automatic, but you can set them in two ways.
Use the Breaks feature.
Drag the page breaks in Page Break Preview view.
Set in the Breaks feature.
Drag breaks in Page Break Preview view.
Unit 4: Lesson 22

19. Selecting Paper Size The default page size is 8.5” by 11” paper.
Other standard page sizes are available (A4, legal, and executive).
Select a page size.
Unit 4: Lesson 22

20. Proofreading and Checking Spelling
Spreadsheet software checks text against the software application’s dictionary.
Proofread because several items are not checked.
Numbers
Proper names
Words not in the software application’s dictionary
Unit 4: Lesson 22

21. Showing and Hiding Worksheet Elements
In Normal and Page Break Preview view, several elements are displayed.
Formula Bar
Headings
Gridlines
In Page Layout view, the ruler is displayed.
Clear the checkmark
to hide the element.
Unit 4: Lesson 22

22. Formatting and Worksheet Skills
Lesson 23:
Formatting and Worksheet Skills
Outcomes
Use AutoFill.
Change text orientation.
Organize worksheets by renaming and repositioning them.
Insert and delete worksheets.
Convert text to columns.
Unit 4: Lesson 23

23. AutoFill
The AutoFill feature copies information or enters a series in adjacent cells.
Select the information to be copied and drag the Fill Handle.
Use AutoFill to enter a series of numbers, days, months, etc. and to copy text, values, or formulas to adjacent cells.
Fill Handle
AutoFill options
Unit 4: Lesson 23

24. Changing Text Orientation
Rotate text to reduce the cell width needed to hold the text.
Select a rotation option to rotate headings and other text.
Unit 4: Lesson 23

25. Organizing Worksheets
Excel workbook contains one worksheet named Sheet1.
Click the + to add a worksheet.
Rename and color the tabs or move and copy the worksheets using the Organize Sheets options.
Sheet1 tab
Unit 4: Lesson 23

26. Inserting and Deleting Worksheets
The Insert Sheet option enables you to keep related sheets together.
Insert Sheet option
Unit 4: Lesson 23

27. Converting Text to Columns
This feature uses the Convert Text to Columns Wizard.
Separate content in one column, such as first and last names, into multiple columns.
The Wizard uses commas, tabs, spaces, etc. to separate the information.
Unit 4: Lesson 23

28. Freeze, Hide, Zoom, Print Titles, and Sort
Lesson 24:
Freeze, Hide, Zoom, Print Titles, and Sort
Outcomes
Change the zoom level of a view.
Freeze and unfreeze columns and rows.
Hide columns and rows.
Print row and column titles on each worksheet page.
Sort worksheet information alphabetically and numerically.
Unit 4: Lesson 24

29. Zooming the View
Use the Zoom tool in the bottom-right corner of the status bar.
Click the + and – or drag the slider to zoom in and zoom out.
Unit 4: Lesson 24

30. Freezing/Unfreezing Columns and Rows
Freeze a column or row to keep it visible while you scroll to view other parts of the spreadsheet.
Use to view a heading while scrolling through the data.
Unit 4: Lesson 24

31. Hiding Columns and Rows
Hide rows and columns so they aren’t displayed or printed.
Unhide hidden rows and columns to display and print them.
Unit 4: Lesson 24

32. Printing Row and Column Titles on Each Page
Print row and column titles on each page of a worksheet to make it easier to read.
Identify the rows and columns to repeat on each page.
Unit 4: Lesson 24

33. Sorting Data
Sorting data reorganizes it in an order that is more meaningful for the person interpreting it.
Sorts can be based on size, age, date, or other value.
Unit 4: Lesson 24

34. Charts, PDF Files, and Sparklines
Lesson 25:
Charts, PDF Files, and Sparklines
Outcomes
Create charts and chart sheets.
Apply sparkline graphics.
Create PDF files.
Analyze data.
Unit 4: Lesson 25

35. Creating a Chart Sheet Create a chart as an object or a new sheet.
Objects can be moved and resized.
A chart and data can be viewed at the same time.
Unit 4: Lesson 25

36. Sparkline Graphics
A sparkline is a small graphic that can be used to show trends or variations in worksheet data.
Insert a sparkline into a cell and set the size of the cell.
Unit 4: Lesson 25

37. Saving as a PDF File
Save PowerPoint slides in Adobe Portable File Format with a .pdf extension.
Also save as a PowerPoint presentation so you can modify it if needed.
Unit 4: Lesson 25

38. Advantages of Saving as a PDF file
The worksheet will look the same on most computers.
Fonts, formats, and imaging are preserved.
Content cannot easily be changed.
Free PDF viewers are available on the Web.
Unit 4: Lesson 25

39. Spreadsheet Applications
Lesson 26:
Spreadsheet Applications
Outcome
Apply worksheet formatting, formula, and chart skills.
Unit 4: Lesson 26

40. Examples
Use the skills learned in this unit to make worksheets more usable and readable.
Unit 4: Lesson 26

41. Unit 4