1. Today’s AIM: What were the major causes of early European exploration and migration to the Americas?

2. THE IMPACT ON NATIVE PEOPLES
COLONIZATION AND
THE IMPACT ON NATIVE PEOPLES
PEOPLE MIGRATED TO NORTH AMERICA
EUROPEANS EXPLORED
SPANISH
BRITISH
FRENCH
DUTCH

3. But, how did we get here?

4. LAND BRIDGE BETWEEN NORTH AMERICA AND ASIA
ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE HAS BEEN DISCOVERED THAT SHOWS THE SEA LEVELS WERE LOWER AND EXPOSED A LAND BRIDGE CALLED the Bering Strait BETWEEN THE TWO CONTINENTS ABOUT 70,000 YEARS AGO
EXPERTS GIVE DIFFERENT EXACT ARRIVAL DATES FOR HUMANS BUT THE EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT HUMANS LIVED THROUGHOUT NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA BY 10,000 B.C.E.
LAND BRIDGE
ASIA
NORTH AMERICA

5. Bering Strait

6. How did Native Americans adapt to the geography of their surroundings?
GEOGRAPHY HELPED SHAPE CULTURES AMONG THE DIVERSE NATIVE AMERICAN PEOPLES
IN THE SOUTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA, TRIBES TENDED TO SETTLE IN ONE PLACE AND PRACTICE AGRICULTURE
IN THE GREAT PLAINS, TRIBES HUNTED LARGE GAME LIKE BUFFALO AS WELL AS CULTIVATING FOOD
IN THE EAST, TRIBES USED THE VARIOUS WATER SOURCES FOR TRADE, TRANSPORTATION, AND FISHING AS WELL AS RAISING CROPS

7. 4 6 5 2 3 1 Olmec Aztec Mayan Inca Hohokam & Anasazi
Adena, Hopewell, Mississippian 6 5 2 3 1 4

8. Indigenous Peoples of South America
Olmecs — 1st Empire in the Americas (southern Mexico)
Maya — Yucatan Peninsula. Developed a written language and a calendar.
Aztec — Central Mexico, Present day Mexico City. Built great cities, pyramids, and irrigation systems.
Inca — Western coast of South America. Created a highway system.

9. Large cities – Tenochtitlan (build 1325)
Warrior culture
Aztecs
Aztec Pyramids
Human Sacrifice
Large cities – Tenochtitlan (build 1325)
200,000 people by 1500
Gold
Central Mexico

10. Mayas Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Mexico accurate calendar
studied astronomy
Maize (corn)
Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Mexico
built pyramids

11. Located in Peru and Andes Mountains
Incas
Machu Pichu
Built Road Network
Gold
Located in Peru and Andes Mountains
Terrace Farming
Quipu

12. Other Native Peoples in America
Hohokam & Anasazi —introduced crops into the deserts of the southwest US.
Adena, Hopewell, Mississippian —Great lakes to gulf of Mexico. Excelled in trade and architecture. Built huge burial mounds as big as pyramids.

13. IN THE MIDDLE AGES EUROPEAN COUNTRIES EXPANDED BEYOND THEIR BORDERS…
AFTER THE CRUSADES INTRODUCED EUROPE TO THE SPICES AND RICHES OF AFRICA AND ASIA, SEVERAL COUNTRIES DESIRED A MORE DIRECT ROUTE SINCE THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE CONTROLLED THE TRADE ROUTES AND PRICES.
SPAIN, PORTUGAL, ENGLAND, FRANCE, AND THE NETHERLANDS BEGAN SEARCHING FOR NEW ROUTES VIA THE OCEAN!
SEARCHING FOR A SHORTCUT

14. Think-Pair-Share: Why did the Europeans want to expand??
EXPLORE
THE WORLD
EXPAND
TRADE
MORE
TERRITORY
SPREAD
CHRISTIANITY
WEALTH
REASONS FOR
EUROPEAN EXPANSION

15. MANY OF THOSE DESIRES FOR EXPLORATION HAD ALREADY EXISTED FOR CENTURIES, SO WHAT CHANGED?
1543 GLOBE
NEW TECHNOLOGY:
COMPASS
GLOBE
RUDDER
IMPROVED SHIP BUILDING TECHNIQUES AND DESIGN
QUADRANT (IMPROVED ABILITY TO DETERMINE LATITUDE BASED ON ALTITUDE OF STARS)
MAPS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES
MARCO POLO’S WRITINGS