1. Unit 2 Colonial America to the French and Indian War

2. Section 1: 13 BRITISH COLONIES

3. New England Colonies Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut
New Hampshire
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5. John Winthrop
N.E.

6. Roger Williams
N.E.

7. Anne Hutchinson

8. Thomas Hooker
N.E.

9. Middle Colonies
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
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11. William Penn M

12. Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland Carolinas Georgia (North & South)
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14. Nathaniel Bacon So

15. Lord Baltimore, George CalvertSo

16. James Oglethorpe So

19. African Slaves – Middle Passage

20. Puritan Education in the New England Colonies
Girl with Hornbook
(wooden paddle)
Easy to hold handle
Hole in handle for leather thong
Carried on belt or around neck
Transparent Horn kept lessons from being spoiled
Starting in Mid-15th C, used in Europe and America.
Horn of oxen and sheep were used to make the laminating structure.
The Horn was left in cold water for several weeks, which separated the usable part from the bone.
It was then heated, first in boiling water then by fire,
Then pressed by plates and machines to make it smooth and transparent.
As time went on, hornbooks were also made of a variety of other materials.

21. Puritan Education in the New England Colonies
Typical Hornbook
Alphabet
Vowel and consonant combinations
Lord’s Prayer
Form of a cross
Praise of the Trinity
(hand written on piece of
parchment & tacked to
wooden paddle)

22. Puritan Education in the New England Colonies
New England Primer
Textbook used by students in English settlements in North America
First published and used in London
First printed in Boston in 1690
Over 5 million copies sold
Used into the 19th C
New England Primer was a textbook used by students in New England and in other English settlements in North America.
Published by Benjamin Harris, who had published a similar volume in London.
Over 5 million copies were sold.
In the 1700’s, schools in colonies were strongly influenced by religion.
Intent of colonists was that all children should learn to read – passed law in 1642 Puritan Massachusetts stating this.
They believed an inability to read was Satan’s attempt to keep people from the Scriptures.
Combined study of alphabet with Bible reading.
It introduced each letter in a religious phrase and then illustrated the phrase with a woodcut.
The primer also contained a catechism of religious questions and answers.
Emphasis was placed on fear of sin, God’s punishment, and the fact that all people would have to face death.
Some examples teach moral values as well as reading.
Also, first appearing in the New England Primer was the Children’s Prayer beginning “Now I lay me …”

28. Puritan Education in the New England Colonies
Scene from a dame school

29. Puritan Education in the New England Colonies
Austere = strict, serious, severe, harsh
A stern and austere Puritan worship service

31. 1753 North America

32. George Washington

35. Benjamin Franklin Proposed the Albany Plan of Union at the
Albany Congress
Grand Council to
make laws
raise taxes
to set up defense

36. Albany Congress – Albany Plan of Union
Delegates voted to accept the plan
No colonial assemblies approved it
Colonies did not want to give up any of their powers to a central council

37. French and Indian War French advantages in the beginning
English had no united defense
Single New France government acted more quickly
More Indian allies
English advantages
English colonies were clustered along coast
French settlements were widely scattered
English population was 15 times greater
British navy ruled seas

38. William Pitt

40. James Wolfe

42. After French and Indian War

43. Proclamation of 1763
Colonials were forbidden to settle west of the line
Colonials already settled west of the line were ordered to remove themselves at once
10,000 British troops were sent to the colonies to enforce the law
Attempt to gain better control of colonists