1. European
Exploration

2. “Christopher Columbus Departs Spain for the New World, 1492”
OPTIC
“Christopher Columbus Departs Spain for the New World, 1492”

3. Spice Trade
The desire to reach the east where the goods were found led to improved navigation
Italian traders created a monopoly (they controlled prices) in the Holy Land (Muslim traders would trade only with Italian traders)
This made goods too expensive for most Europeans

4. Educated people believed the world was round
Portugal-1st to search for an all water route to Asia
They sailed south around Africa

5. Religion as a Cause Most western European nations were Catholic
Catholic church controlled by the Pope
Pope & the Church felt it necessary to spread Christianity
Missionaries left Europe by the thousands to Christianize the world
European monarchs charted many voyages with this plan

6. Spanish Exploration Believed he found Asia
Landed on the island of Hispaniola (Haiti)
Credited with discovering the Americas
Spain wants in on the wealth
To share in the rich Asian trade
Spread Christianity
Fame
Gold, Glory, & God
Christopher Columbus
Sail west to reach Asia
King & Queen accept his proposal

7. Land Disputes in the New World
Spain & Portugal fought over new lands
Almost came to war
Line of Demarcation
Line drawn to divide the world between Spain & Portugal
Portugal protested the placement of the line
Treaty of Tordesillas
Moved the Line of Demarcation west
Portugal able to settle in New World

8. Religious Rivalry
Reformation of Catholic church led to a new form of Christianity (Protestantism)
Did not accept the Pope
Caused widespread conflict in Europe
England (Protestant) vs Spain (Catholic)
Spanish Armada sent to restore control, but was defeated & allowed England to colonize North America

9. Religious Rivalry in North America
Catholics from Spain and French spread faith among Natives
Spanish settled in southwest and southeast America
French settled in northeast America
Dutch and English set up Protestant colonies along Atlantic Coast

10. Italians, Dutch, & French only interested in trading
Northwest Passage
Italians, Dutch, & French only interested in trading
English fished, (originally) off eastern Canada
They created profitable industries (furs/timber)

11. Mercantilism Economic System
Colonies sole purpose to make money for the mother country
A favorable balance of trade for mother country
Colonies provide raw materials
Colonies served as new markets for goods made in the home country