1. *Just in time for Halloween! (next week)
Skeletal System
*Just in time for Halloween! (next week)

2. Why learn about the skeletal system?
Framework for our body!
Like the frame for a building, it connects to, and holds up the rest of the body
Important functions (5):
Shape and support to body
Protects
- Internal organs like brain, heart and lungs
Muscles are attached to bones and help us move
Blood cells are formed inside bones
Storage for important substances like calcium and phosphorus

3. What parts are included in the skeletal system?
Human skeleton is separated into 2 parts:
Bones of arms and legs
Bones of skull, spine, ribs

4. Bones There are around 200 bones in the human body
Bone is ALIVE! Bones are dense organs made of layers of tissue
Many different sizes and shapes, depending on the function in human body (Fig. 18-2, pg.495)
All bones are not smooth: some have bumps, holes, rough spots, smooth spots

5. Bones continued… Where two or more bones meet they form a JOINT
ex. elbow, knee
Cartilage: Ends of bones are covered in cartilage
It is flexible and important at joints to help absorb shock
Makes movement easier
Ex: when you are playing sports and jump around, the cartilage absorbs the shock in your knees

6. Broken bones
Your bones are very strong, but even bones may break: ex. falling off a bicycle, horse
Breaking a bone is called a FRACTURE, and there are many different types
Blood cells move and create a clot between the space where the break is. Bone cells are then sent to this area and multiply to eventually repair the break

7. How do we keep our bones healthy?
Drink MILK!
Milk contains calcium, which helps to make bones strong
You have until you are about 19 years old to develop strong bones
Exercise
Build your muscles to help support your bones
When bones become weak: Osteoporosis
As all people get older, their bones become less dense
If someone has osteoporosis, their bones have become weakened, and these can break more easily

8. Activity: What is the shape of our bones?
Instructions: WITH YOUR PARTNER, you will create different shapes to see which are stronger (can hold a textbook/binder), and relate this to the shape of our bones
Take half of your cardboard cards and tape to create a rectangular column
Take the other half of your cardboard cards and tape them to create a cylindrical (round) column
Place a binder or textbook on top of each column and observe which collapses first
Answer the following questions in your lab section of your binder/ notebook:
a) Which is stronger? b)Which do you think is the shape of our bones? Explain.