1. Immigration

2. Who were the new Immigrants in the late 1800s? (where coming from)

3. New Immigrants Where were people migrating from in the late 1800s?
Southern and Eastern Europe
China

4. Where did they enter into the US?
Ellis Island – East Coast
Angel Island – West Coast

5. Give me your tired, your poor….. Emma Lazarus
Physical, Legal, and Mental Exams
Processed 70% of immigrants

6. What hardships did immigrants experience?

7. Life as an Immigrant What hardships did these new immigrants face?
Low wage, unskilled jobs
Crowded tenements
Restrictions on where they could live and the jobs they could have
Created own ethnic neighborhoods
‘Little Italy’ ‘Lower East Side’
Discrimination
Chinese Exclusion Act – barred Chinese immigrants for 10 years and those already in US were denied citizenship

11. Urban Politics
Political machines provided necessities in exchange for party votes
Party bosses led political machines and controlled city’s finances
Many bosses grew rich due to fraud
Tammany Hall – Democratic political machine of NYC - led by Boss Tweed who was arrested for corruption

12. Why did Immigrants come to US?

13. Push Factors Reasons to Leave
Famine
War
Religious persecution
Poverty
Political oppression
Corrupt gov’t

14. Pull Factors Reasons to come to a particular country
Economic opportunity
Jobs
Land
Education
Healthcare
Freedoms – religion, politics, speech, etc.

15. Push or Pull?
In 1846 the Potato Famine leaves many people in Ireland without food
All across Europe there were huge crop failures in 1846 and Many farmers in Europe couldn’t pay for their land
The US Congress passed the Homestead Act in It granted citizens of the US 160 acres of land in western areas of the country

16. Push or Pull?
Between 1880 and 1900 thousands of factory jobs become available in the United States because of westward expansion and development of new industries
Many Jewish people leave Russia in 1882 because of hatred toward them. This kind of racism is called anti-Semitism