1. Educational Research CECS 5610
Dr. Gerald Knezek
University of North Texas
Clicking on the Speaker or Quicktime icon will play the audio associated with the slide.

2. Educational Research
Definition: Educational Research is a systematic investigation, involving the collection of information(data), to solve an educational problem or contribute to our knowledge about an educational theory or practice.
Methods:
Qualitative
Quantitative

3. Research Methods 1. Qualitative Research
the emphasis is on conducting studies in natural settings using mostly verbal descriptions, resulting in stories and case studies rather than statistical reports.
Types of Qualitative Research
Observational
Ethnographic
Checklist

4. Research Methods 2. Quantitative Research
involves the use of numerical indices to summarize, describe, and explore relationships among traits.
Types of Quantitative Research
Survey Research
Pseudo-Experimental
Experimental

7. Bloom's Taxonomy Knowledge: Category of Specifics (terminology, facts)
Of Ways and Means of Dealing with Specifics (conventions, classifications, criteria, methodology)
Of Universals and Abstractions (principles, generalization, theories)

8. Bloom's Taxonomy Knowledge: General Description
- Recall of specifics and universals, methods, and processes, pattern, structure of setting, knowledge objectives emphasize most the psychological processes of remembering.

9. Bloom's Taxonomy Knowledge: Illustrative Items
- About what proportion of the population of Canada is living in cities?
1. 10% 2. 20% 3. 40% 4. 50% 5. 60%
The volume of a given mass of gas varies directly as the ____ and inversely as the __.
Pressure and temperature
Temperature and pressure
Atomic weight and pressure
Temperature and atomic weight

10. Bloom's Taxonomy 2. Comprehension Category - Translation
- Interpretation
- Extrapolation

11. Bloom's Taxonomy Comprehension (contd…) General Description
Lowest level of understanding of what is communicated. Can use idea being communicated without necessarily being able to relate it to other ideas or see all its implications.

12. Bloom's Taxonomy Comprehension (contd…) Illustrative Items
Four less than three times a certain number equals eight. In algebra this may be expressed as:
x=8 2. 4x-3=8
x-4= x=8

13. Bloom's Taxonomy 3. Application General Description
The use of abstraction in particular and concrete situations.
Illustrative Items
Two basic laws governing an electrical circuit are: Voltage=(Current)X(Resistance)
Power=(Voltage)X(Current)
If an electric iron develops greater resistance, its power will:
1. Increase 2. Remain the same 3. decrease

14. Bloom's Taxonomy 4. Analysis Category
of Elements, of Relationships, of Organizational Principles
General Description
Breakdown of a communication into its constituent parts, such that relative hierarchy of ideas is made clearer and /or the relations between the ideas expressed is made clear.

15. Bloom's Taxonomy Analysis (contd…) Illustrative Items
The given figure represents a hoop of 28” diameter. If the hoop is rolling without slipping in the indicated direction, how many inches has point A moved horizontally when the hoop has finished half a turn?

16. Bloom's Taxonomy 5. Synthesis Category
Production of a unique communication, Production of a plan, and Derivation of a set of abstract relations
General Description
Putting together of parts to form a whole; analyzing and combining pieces in such a way as to constitute a pattern or structure not clearly there before

17. Bloom's Taxonomy 6. Evaluation Category
- Judgements in terms of internal criteria
- Judgments in terms of external evidence
General Description
- Making judgments about the value of material and methods for given purposes. Judging extent to which material and methods satisfy given criteria.

18. Desirable Test Attributes
Reliability (consistency)
Internal
Goal >= .90
Odd-Even (Spearman-Brown Prophecy Formula)
Kuder-Richardson
Test -Retest
Equivalent Forms
Relationship to Standard Error of Measurement

19. Desirable Test Attributes
Validity ( Relevance)
Objectivity, Balance, Fairness
Criterion Validity
Predictive
Concurrent
Curricular Validity
Construct Validity
Content Validity

20. Desirable Test Attributes
Practicality
Time Constraints
Construction
Administration
Scoring
Testing Environment

21. Test & Item Analysis Performance of Items Test Reliability Validity
Item Difficulties
Item Discriminations
(top 27% - bottom 27%)

22. Test & Test Analysis Performance of Class Mean & Standard Deviation
Median
Range
Performance of Student
Total Score
Standard Error of Measurement

24. End
This is the end of the slide show. Please have a look at the print out of the slides for further information.