1. Business Computer Technology
A. Computer Basics
1.00 Examine the role of hardware and software.
Objective
1.02
Analyze the information processing cycle including various storage methods.

2. IPOS

3. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ)
How does a computer process information?
What is IPOS?

4. How Does A Computer Process Data?
Information Processing Cycle
IPOS
Input
Processing
Output
Storage

5. Computers process information using the Information Processing Cycle (IPOS).
IPOS is the acronym for
Input
Processing
Output
Storage

6. INPUT DEVICES

7. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ)
What does an input device do?
What are some examples of input devices?

8. Input Devices devices used to input data into your computer
hardware that allows you to communicate with your computer

9. Other Computer Input Devices
Graphic Tablet
Light Pen

10. Computer Input Devices
Keyboard (most common)
Mouse
Trackball
Joystick
Light pen
Pointing Stick
Touchpad
Touch screen
Bar code reader
Scanner
Microphone
Graphics Tablet
Digital Camera

11. PROCESSING

12. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ)
What is the unit of measurement used for data?
What processing components are housed inside the computer case?
What does each internal component do?
What are RAM and ROM?

13. Byte Byte is the unit of measurement for computer data
1 byte equals eight bits
1 MB (Megabyte) equals about 1 million bytes
1 GB (Gigabyte) equals about 1 billion bytes

14. INTERNAL COMPONENTS

15. The computer case, a metal and plastic case, houses the main system components of the computer. One component inside the case is the motherboard.

16. Computer System Components (Inside the Computer Case)
Motherboard
a circuit board (a thin plate or board that contains electronic components) that contains many integral components

17. Motherboard Components
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
also called a microprocessor
the “brains” of the computer

18. Processing Device
The CPU sometimes called the “brain” of the computer is one of the chips found on the motherboard.

19. Other Motherboard Components
Control Unit
the “boss”
coordinates all of the CPU’s activities.
Basic Controller
a device that controls the transfer of data from the computer to a peripheral device and vice versa.

20. How The Control Unit Works

21. TYPES OF MEMORY ON THE MOTHERBOARD
RAM
ROM

22. RAM and ROM

23. Internal Memory Random Access Memory (RAM)
memory on the motherboard that is short term
where data, information, and program instructions are stored temporarily on a RAM chip or a set of RAM chips.

24. Internal Memory Read-Only Memory (ROM)
memory on the motherboard that is long term
where the specific instructions that are needed for the computer to operate are stored.

25. Types of Memory on the Motherboard
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Short term or temporary memory
Holds information while you are working in a program; dumps it when you exit

26. Read-Only Memory (ROM)
Long term memory
Remembers the instructions needed to run the computer and its programs

27. External Computer Components (On the Outside of the Computer Case)
Ports
used to connect peripheral devices such as printers, scanners, and the monitor to the computer

28. Serial and Parallel Ports
Universal Serial Bus (USB)

30. Ports are used to connect peripheral devices such as printers, scanners, and the monitor to the computer. Types of ports are
Serial and Parallel Ports
Universal Serial Bus (USB)

31. Computer System Components (On the Outside of the Computer Case)
Expansion Slots
an opening on the motherboard where a circuit board or expansion board can be inserted
Examples: Additional Memory, video cards, modem cards, and sound cards.

33. OUTPUT DEVICES

34. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ)
What does an output device do?
What are some examples of output devices?
What are 4 types of printers?

35. Output Device
device used to get information (output) out of your computer
hardware that allows the computer to communicate with the user

36. Output Devices
Monitor (most common)
Produces a soft copy (copy you SEE)
NOTHING is stored in the monitor. It just displays information. The monitor is NOT a storage device.

37. Speakers
Printer
Produces a hard copy (copy you HOLD in your HAND)

38. Types of Printers Dot Matrix Printer
Gives a printed image in a pattern (matrix) of tiny ink dots.
Less expensive and not as clear

39. How a Dot Matrix Printer Works

40. Types of Printers Inkjet Printer Better quality of printed document
Machine uses an ink cartridge and a printing element to print a finer image on the paper

41. How an Ink Jet Printer Works

42. Types of Printers Laser Printer Best quality of printed documents
Laser beam and an ink toner cartridge are used to produce the images.
More expensive
Quick

43. How a Laser Printer Works

44. Types of Printers Dot Matrix Printer Laser Printer Inkjet Printer
Impact Printer (strikes the paper in order to create an image)

45. STORAGE DEVICES

46. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ)
What does a storage device do?
What are some examples of storage devices?
Which storage device gives you the fastest access to your files?

47. Storage Device
Storage devices allow you to save and retrieve data.

48. Internal Storage Device
Hard Disk Drive
used to store data inside of the computer.
magnetic platter that holds a large amount of information in a form the computer can understand.

49. Internal Storage Device
Hard Disk Drive
Advantages
Fastest way to retrieve saved data
More data can be stored here than on most external storage devices

50. External Storage Devices
Floppy Disk
Flat circles of iron oxide-coated plastic enclosed in a hard plastic case.
Most are 3 ½ inches
Can hold 1.44 MB or more of data.

51. External Storage Devices
Zip Disk
Capable of storing tremendous amounts of information
They are only the size of a 3 inch disk but can hold as much as 1 gigabyte of data

52. External Storage Devices
Magnetic Tape Drives
used for making backup copies of large volumes of data.
very slow
can be used to replace data that may have been lost on the hard drive
look similar to audio tapes.
holds more than Floppy

53. External Storage Devices
Optical discs: use laser technology to read and write data on silver platters.
CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory)
DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)

54. Other External Storage Devices
Flash Drive

55. External Storage Devices
CD-ROM and DVD (use a laser to write and read data)
Floppy Disk
Zip Disk
Magnetic Tape Drives
Flash Drive

56. THE END