1. What led to this population growth?

2. Section 2: Westward Bound
Main Idea: The Huge Amount of territory added to the United States during the early 1800s gave the country a large store of natural resources and provided land for more settlers

3. Census
Census: The official count of a population First census in 1790 revealed that America had a population of nearly 4 million.

4. Census
By 1820, United States double the size of its population. Nearly 2 million Americans will travel west to settle new lands.

8. Census Today - Novinger
Population:
Population by Sex/Age
Male
235
Female
221
Under 18 97
18 & over
359 26 41 85
114
65 & over 79
Population by Race
White
450
African American
Asian
American Indian and Alaska Native 3
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander
Other
Identified by two or more

9. How did Americans move West?

10. Roads and Turnpikes
Pioneer families made their long way west with their wagon full of house hold goods.
Private companies build Turnpikes: toll roads in which people paid to use the road, and help with construction cost.
Base of crushed stone
In muddy areas, companies built Corduroy Roads: logs laid side by side, like ridges of corduroy pants
Made traveling West easier for Americans

11. National Road
Background: Ohio joins the Union in 1803, and asks national government to build road connecting them to the East.
1806 Congress approves funds to build a National Road
Congress sees the road as a military necessity
1811 route is finally agreed upon
Due to the War of 1812 the first section from Maryland to Virginia was not completed till 1818
Finally reached Ohio and continued to Illinois

12. What was the easiest way to travel in the 1800s?

13. River Travel Far more comfortable
Advantages
Disadvantages
Far more comfortable
Pioneers could load more goods on barges and flout down stream
Most river flowed north to south
Traveling upstream was extremely difficult and slow

14. Steamboat Steamboats already seen in 1780’s and 90’s
James Rumsey equipped a small boat with a steam engine
John Fitch built a steamboat that navigated the Delaware River
Neither, had enough power to withstand strong winds and currents

15. Robert Fulton’s Steamboat
Developed steamboat that was powerful enough to carry cargo and passengers up the Hudson River from New York City to Albany.
1807 – The Clermont steamboat was ready and made the 150 mile trip in 32 hours, a trip that would take 4 day with sails
Passengers had great comforts – they could stroll about the decks and sleep in compartments below decks

16. Effects of the Steamboat
Start of a new age of travel
Greatly improve the transportation of goods and passengers among inland rivers
Shipping became easier and cheaper
Growth of river cities, like St. Louis and Cincinnati

17. What might limit the effectiveness of Steamboats?

18. Canal Canal: an artificial water way
Allowed for boats to travel to new places and more quickly

19. Erie Canal Background: New York City wanted a link to the Great Lakes
Thousands of labors, many of them Irish, built the 363 mile canal in over two years
Steamboats were not allowed at first for fear they would damage the canal, instead mules or horses pulled boats along canal

21. Canal era
By the 1850s canals had been improved for steamboats and more than 3,600 miles of canals had been built
Lowered the cost of shipping and brought prosperity to towns
Helped unite the growing country

23. How Canals Work
Locks: separate compartments where water levels were raised or lowered.
Provide way to rise and lower boats were canal levels change.

24. Western Settlement
Four new states are created between – Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio
In second wave Indiana, Illinois, Mississippi, Alabama, and Missouri
Settlers of the west learned to live without the convinces of the east, and created their own way of life.
America’s population continues to move west.