1. Three Kingdoms of Egypt

2. The Old Kingdom: 2700-2200 B.C. Early Pharaohs
Believed to be both pharaoh and god
Came to Earth to manage Egypt for all gods
Had absolute power over all land and people
Khufu was the most important pharaoh of the old kingdom and known for the many monuments built for him

3. Society and Trade
- Egyptians believed a well ordered society was necessary to keep the kingdom strong.
Egyptians traded with their neighbors
Egyptians were highly religious

4. Gods of Egypt All Egyptians worshipped the same gods
Temples were built to worship gods
Gods for everything (polytheistic society)
Gods had a blend of human and animal form
Re- sun god

5. Afterlife and Burial
Afterlife was a big focus of the Ancient Egyptian’s religion.
The Egyptians believed the afterlife to be a happy place.
Ka was the spirit of a person
Tombs were filled with objects needed for the afterlife, including food
Mummification was the process used to care for the elite after their death
The elite could be buried in a sarcophagus

6. Pyramids Built as stone tombs for the rulers Made out of limestone
Took thousands of workers to build
Pyramids needed to be spectacular to signify the importance of the pharaoh
Could have taken decades to build the largest pyramids
Great Pyramid of Giza

7. Life in the Middle Kingdom
What happened at the end of the Old Kingdom?
Local nobles were ruling much of Egypt because the pharaohs had lost power and wealth. There was no central ruler.
What years classify the Middle Kingdom?
B.C.
Who were the leaders during the Middle Kingdom?
Local nobles ruled during the Middle Kingdom

8. Life in the New Kingdom When does the New Kingdom occur?
B.C.
2. How did the Egyptians build an empire?
The Egyptians took control of all possible invasion routes into the kingdom by conquering certain people and becoming the leading military power in that area.
Why was trade important to the Egyptians?
Trade brought valuable resources into Egypt. Also, money made from trade helped to fund the arts and architecture of the kingdom, making it even more magnificent.

9. Life in the New Kingdom Why was Hatshepsut important?
She was the first woman pharaoh and worked to increase trade throughout the kingdom. She built many temples and monuments.
5. What other groups invaded Egypt during the New Kingdom? Were they successful?
The Hittites of Asia Minor- not successful
Tehenu –not successful
Sea Peoples-not successful
What led to the decline of the New Kingdom?
Violence and disorder throughout Egypt after all of the invasions is what caused the decline of the New Kingdom.

10. Work and Daily Life What kind of writing did scribes do?
Government texts, religious texts, and literary texts
Why did pharaohs value talented architects?
Architects designed the temples and tombs for pharaohs.
3. What did the military offer citizens in Egypt?
Military offered citizens a chance to rise in social status.
4. Who made up the majority of Egypt’s population?
Farmers and other peasants made up the majority of the population
How did some people come to be enslaved in Egypt?
Convicted criminals or prisoners captured in war