1. Disease Transmission
The method of how a disease is spread through a population
Epidemic: A disease that suddenly increases in occurrence above the normal level in a given population.
Pandemic: An increase in the occurrence of a disease within the worldwide population.
3 Methods of Transmission

2. Direct Contact Hand-to-Hand Bodily Fluids Ingestion
Staph, common colds
Bodily Fluids
Mononucleosis, STD’s
Ingestion
Eaten/Swallowed
Food poisoning, giardia, cholera
Fecal-Oral
E. coli, tape worms

3. Indirect Contact Air-borne Object-to-Hand Tuberculosis, Influenza
Anthrax, Tetanus

4. Vector-borne Spread from another organism to humans Malaria Plague
West Nile virus
Dengue Fever
Yellow Fever
Lyme Disease…

5. Types of Vectors Mosquitoes Fleas Ticks Flies Beetles
Malara, West Nile virus
Fleas
Plague
Ticks
Lyme Disease, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Flies
River blindness, African Sleeping Sickness
Beetles
Chagas disease

6. Disease Immunity Exposure Vaccines
For many diseases, if you contract it and recover you will be immune afterwards.
Vaccines
Can be made from dead microbes or live “attenuated” (made so they do not cause the disease)
Cause immune system to remember the pathogen, so if you are exposed later on it will destroy it immediately.

7. Treatments For bacterial diseases: antibiotics
Antibiotics DO NOT work on viruses, fungi or protozoans!
Viruses: anti-viral drugs
Only work for some diseases, are expensive
Fungi: anti-fungal drugs, powders, creams
Protists: anti-parasitic drugs
Work for some, but not all
Some diseases have no treatments!