1. The Rock Cycle

2. Tuesday Find your seat(EARN BACK OPEN SEATING)
Have your notebooks out (HOT SPOT PAGE)
You get 5 minutes to work on your vocab before class starts. Reminder: VOCABULARY 6 Due tomorrow

3. What is the Rock Cycle?
The idea that rocks are continually changing from one type of rock to another and back again through Earth’s natural processes.
Are any of these rocks being created or destroyed throughout the processes of the rock cycle?

4. Key Words to Understanding the Rock Cycle:
Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary Intrusive Extrusive Magma Lava Cooling Melting Crystallization (Crystal Size) Heat Pressure Weathering Erosion Sediment Compacting Cementing Deposition

5. Igneous Rock

6. What is the difference between lava and magma?
Igneous Rock
Igneous rock is formed when magma or lava cools and crystallizes:
INtrusive – when magma cools INside;
cools slower = larger crystals
EXtrusive – when lava cools OUTside;
cools faster = smaller crystals
What is the difference between lava and magma?

7. Key Question:
Lava:
Magma:

8. Metamorphic Rock

9. Where could these regions of heat or pressure occur?
Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic means to “change form” – represents a chemical change
Metamorphic rock usually forms deep in Earth’s crust BUT it can form anywhere there is a lot of heat or pressure
Where could these regions of heat or pressure occur?

10. Sedimentary Rock

11. What could these sediments be composed of?
Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary rock is formed by processes of erosion and weathering near Earth’s surface
Sediments are transported from one place to another & deposited in layers with the oldest on the bottom
The layers become compacted and cemented together
What could these sediments be composed of?

12. Classwork
Complete the Rock Cycle WebQuest using a Chromebook, or your own technology.
Start NOW, finish for homework

13. Wednesday Vocabulary Mix & Match Practice Have Web Quest Out
NO ONE SHOULD HAVE THEIR CHROME BOOKS OPEN

14. Thursday Warm Up: Practice Quiz on Google Classroom
Reminder: Vocabulary Quiz tomorrow
Quiz will have old words…just saying!

15. Melting & Cooling Melting is the result of continued heating
Leads to production of magma or lava and new igneous rocks which are formed when the the magma or lava cools.
Cooling leads to the magma or lava forming a solid igneous rock.
Magma is molten rock that is still inside of Earth
Lava is molten rock that is on Earth’s surface

16. Crystallization
When the magma or lava gets cool enough the minerals that will make up the rock begin to crystallize and form an inter grown mass of crystals.

17. Crystallization
If the crystals begin to form deep in the Earth where it is relatively warm the magma cools slowly allowing the crystals to grow relatively large.
If the magma reaches the surface, the lava cools quickly and the crystals do not have time to grow very large.
If the crystals cannot grow at all and volcanic glass is formed.
This is what causes intrusive or extrusive igneous rocks

18. Crystallization

19. Heat and Pressure
Metamorphic rocks trapped underground are still subject to enormous heat from rising magma, or heated water, and pressure. Sometimes the heat can get so intense the rocks actually melt, but often the change occurs when the rock is still a solid!
Pressure comes from the incredible weight of material surrounding the rock on all sides. Or, for example millions of years of sediment on top of each other.
The pressure pushes new minerals into the rock and drives other minerals out; the result, of course, is that the rock is chemically changed.

20. Sediment

21. Sediment Examples of sediment can be pretty much anything like…
Materials, originally suspended in a liquid, (usually water) that settles at the bottom of the liquid when it is left standing for a long time – stream beds, mouth of rivers etc
Material eroded from preexisting rocks that is transported by water, wind, or ice and deposited elsewhere
Organic material such as fossil fragments, shells, seeds, bones etc.

22. Weathering
The process in which rocks are broken down by chemical and/or physical processes into smaller particles.
There are three types of weathering
Physical Weathering: physical action which breaks up rocks. An example of this is freezing & thawing of water trapped in the cracks or pores of rocks.
Chemical Weathering: When the rock is attacked by chemicals. An example of this is how acid rain breaks down limestone.
Biological Weathering: Occurs when rocks are weakened and broken down by animals and plants. A tree root system that is slowly splitting rocks is an example of this type of weathering.

23. Erosion

24. Erosion
Erosion is the wearing away, or “mass wasting” of exposed surfaces by natural forces such as wind, moving water and ice. Rock fall under gravity is also erosion.
This is the removal process that follows weathering.

25. Compaction The result of this pressure is a compaction of the sediment
The sediment is squeezed or “compacted” together causing a reduction in pore space and a sticking together of the grains.
The pressure is often a result of the layers of sediment on top pressing down on older layers.

26. Cementation – taking Compaction a step further
Most sediments are deposited in water containing dissolved minerals.
The water flows through the sediment and some of these minerals precipitate on the grain surfaces.
With time, the liquid material effectively glues the sediment together into a cohesive solid - a sedimentary rock.

27. Deposition & Transportation
The transportation process occurs when the particles created by weathering are carried or moved by ice, air, or water to a different location.
The sediment is then deposited or laid to rest in that new location.

28. Study Jams – Rock Cycle
Watch the video and answer these 3 questions:
How is the rock cycle similar to recycling?
Explain how each of the 3 types of rock can turn into the other 2 types.
What are the physical and chemical changes that allow the process of the rock cycle to occur?