1. Quote Integration & Analysis
Writing Unit
9 English Honors

2. Why use QUOTES In an essay?
A writer should use specific quotes from the text to support her/his point. It’s not enough to just explain an idea. Instead, use the actual words—a quote—from the book to help establish/prove an argument. \

3. Choosing a Quote
A good quote adds something meaningful to your argument and links to the main idea of the paragraph.
When choosing a quote, make sure it:
Supports the main idea of the paragraph
Offers more than just summary of plot
Comes directly from the text
Is relatively short and to the point
Is significant

4. Think of the Quote Sandwich
Formatting Quotes
Think of the Quote Sandwich
First, you have to introduce the quote. This is your top piece of bread. This happens in your Introduction to Evidence and signal phrase.
Second, use the quote. This is the “good stuff” in the middle of your sandwich. The quote itself is your evidence.
Third, analyze the quote. This is your bottom piece of bread.

5. Choosing a Quote
A signal phrase is group of words that signals that a quote will be introduced
According to Elie Wiesel, “____________________” (50).
Wiesel states, “__________________________” (35).
Wiesel complicates matters further when he writes that “__________” (56).
The author demonstrates this concept “________” (4).
Notice that the page number goes in parentheses followed by punctuation.

6. Signal Phrases

7. In-Text Citation
In MLA style, referring to the works of others in your text is done by using what is known as parenthetical (because it goes in parentheses) or in-text citation.
This method involves placing relevant source information in parentheses after a quote or a paraphrase.

8. In-Text Citation
MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation.
This means that the author's last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text.
The author's name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses.

9. In-Text Citation: Examples for Short Quotes
If the author’s name is stated, you only need to cite the page number:
Wordsworth commented that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263). (note punctuation OUTSIDE the quote)
If the author’s name has not been stated, it needs to appear within the parentheses:
Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).

10. Citing the Quote
When you directly quote the works of others in your paper, you will format quotations depending on their length.
Less than 4 Lines
More than 4 Lines

11. In-Text Citation: Examples for Long Quotes
For quotations that are more than four lines of text, place quotations in a free-standing indented block of text and omit quotation marks. We call long quotes block quotes.
Start the quotation on a new line, with the entire quote indented one inch from the left margin; maintain double-spacing.
Only indent the first line of the quotation by an additional quarter inch if you are citing multiple paragraphs.
Your parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark.

12. In-Text Citation: Long Quotes

13. Adding or Omitting Words
Adding or omitting words in quotations
If you add a word or words in a quotation, you should put brackets around the words to indicate that they are not part of the original text.
Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states, "[some individuals] who retell urban legends make a point of learning every rumor or tale" (78).
If you omit a word or words from a quotation, you should indicate the deleted word or words by using ellipsis marks, which are three periods
. . . preceded and followed by a space. For example:
In an essay on urban legends, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that "some individuals make a point of learning every recent rumor or tale and in a short time a lively exchange of details occurs" (78).