1. ABLATIVES!

2. I’m going to start a running list of ablatives here
I’m going to start a running list of ablatives here. As you click forward, each slide will contain a different ablative. So far, there are seven.

3. Ablative of Place Where
This ablative sometimes uses the preposition in, but not always. It’s very common, you’ve seen them since chapter 1, and it simply tells you where things happen. Cornelia in Italiâ habitat. –Cornelia lives in Italy. Marcus habitat Româ. –Marcus lives in Rome.

4. Ablative of Time When
This ablative is usually fairly easy to pick out. It only shows up with time related words, such as: eô temporê –at that moment illâ noctê –that night Ianuariô –in January

5. Ablative of Place from Which
This ablative will always be used with one of three prepositions: ab, ex or de. Sextus ex arborê cadit. –Sextus falls out of the tree. Cornelia a villâ ambulat. –Cornelia walks away from the house. De raedâ se iacit Syrus. –Syrus jumps down from the carriage.

6. Ablative of Accompaniment
This ablative is always used with the preposition cum. This describes when someone does an action with someone else. Cornelia cum Flaviâ sedet. –Cornelia sits with Flavia. Davus Getam petit cum servîs. –Dave seeks Geta with the slaves.

7. Ablative of Means/Instrument
This ablative will never show up with a preposition in Latin. It will just be an ablative noun hanging out by itself. We saw two of them at the end of chapter 12. It expresses the thing that you use to do something. Davus Getam tunicâ arripit… –Davus grabs Geta by the tunic… …et baculô verberat. -…and beats (him) with a stick. NOTE: There is a preposition in English (by or with) but not in Latin.

8. Ablative of Manner
This ablative, like means, also never gets a preposition, and it explains how things are done. It always shows up with an adjective and noun together, both in the ablative. Aurelia Marcum excitat magnâ você. –Aurelia wakes up Marcus with a loud voice. Davus Getam sollicitô vultû petit. –Davus looks for Geta with a worried expression.

9. Ablative of Cause
This one can be used with or without a preposition (I usually see it without). It shows the cause of some action or state of mind. This use of the ablative is sometimes difficult to distinguish from the ablative of means. Corneilius magnâ irâ commotus Syrum verberat. –Cornelius, moved by great anger, beats Syrus.