1. Advanced Rhetorical Devices
Identification vs. Purpose vs. Effect

2. Review Vocabulary
Alliteration – Same consonant sound at the start of words
Anaphora – Repetition of a word or words at the start of a sentence or phrase
Chiasmus – Reversal in syntax to make the second half have different meaning

3. Review Vocabulary
Hyperbole – extreme statements not meant to be taken literally
Allusion – Brief reference to a person, place, or thing of cultural significance
Synecdoche – a figure of speech where a part is made to represent the whole

4. Review Vocabulary
Epic Simile– a detailed comparison spanning several lines
Parallel Structure– using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance
Polysyndeton– the use of several coordinating conjunctions in rapid succession

5. New Vocabulary

6. New Vocabulary
Antithesis
Assonance
Periphrasis

7. Antithesis

8. Assonance

9. Periphrasis

10. New Vocabulary
Antithesis
Assonance
Periphrasis

11. Antithesis
When two opposing ideas are placed close together to achieve a contrasting effect

12. Antithesis
Example:
“To err is human; to forgive, divine.” -Alexander Pope, “Essay on Criticism”
“Better to reign in Hell, than serve in Heav’n.”
-John Milton, Paradise Lost
“That’s one small step for man; one giant leap for mankind.”
-Neil Armstrong

13. Antithesis Example: “You’re hot then you’re cold
You’re yes then you’re no
You’re in then you’re out
You’re up then you’re down”
--Katy Perry, Hot N Cold

14. Purpose vs. Effect
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader

15. Purpose vs. Effect To draw a comparison between opposites
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader
To draw a comparison between opposites
To convey meaning more directly than regular language

16. Purpose vs. Effect To draw a comparison between opposites
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader
To draw a comparison between opposites
To convey meaning more directly than regular language
Allows reader to attach pros and cons to a subject
Creates a “black-and-white” issue out of a complex idea

17. Assonance
When two or more words close together repeat the same vowel sound
Note: rhyming is a form of assonance, but you can have assonance without perfect rhymes.

18. Assonance (Rhyming) example: “On your mark, ready set, let’s go
Dance floor pro
I know you know
I go psycho”
-Will Smith, Gettin’ Jiggy Wit It

19. Assonance Literary example:
“All the day wind breathes low with mellower tone.”
--Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “The Lotus-Eaters”
And stepping softly with her air of blooded ruin about the glade in a frail agony of grace she trailed her rags through dust and ashes…
--Cormac McCarthy, “Outer Dark”

20. Purpose vs. Effect
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader

21. Purpose vs. Effect Enhances rhythm and musical effect
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader
Enhances rhythm and musical effect
Creates a specific—and usually pleasant—tone

22. Purpose vs. Effect Enhances rhythm and musical effect
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader
Enhances rhythm and musical effect
Creates a specific—and usually pleasant—tone
Makes it memorable
Pleases the reader
Usually achieves a positive mood in the reader

23. Periphrasis
The use excessive or longer words to convey a meaning which could have been conveyed with a shorter expression or fewer words
A “roundabout” way of talking about something
Also called “circumlocution”

24. Periphrasis Eschew obfuscation: espouse elucidation Example:
-Popular joke among nerdy English teachers

25. Periphrasis
Example:
Instead of simply saying “I am displeased with your behavior”, one can say, “the manner in which you have conducted yourself in my presence of late has caused me to feel uncomfortable and has resulted in my feeling disgruntled and disappointed with you.”

26. Periphrasis
Example:
So twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round: And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills, Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree; And here were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.
--S.T. Coleridge, “Kubla Khan”

27. Purpose vs. Effect
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader

28. Purpose vs. Effect Helps create character and voice
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader
Helps create character and voice
To say a phrase more gently or politically correct
To hide or reduce the impact of information while still being truthful

29. Purpose vs. Effect Helps create character and voice
Author’s
Purpose
Effect on the
Reader
Helps create character and voice
To say a phrase more gently or politically correct
To hide or reduce the impact of information while still being truthful
Reader learns a lot about a character or voice
It is a persuasive technique
Readers either miss the significance of the information or place less importance on it