1. Simple Past Tense
NURANI

2. WHAT IS SIMPLE PAST ?
Simple Past Tense is used to talk about something that started and finished at a definite time in the past, to talk about finished actions that happened at a specific time in the past. You state when it happened using a time adverb.
The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.
The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

3. What is simple past tense ?
Simple Past Tense is used to talk about something that started and finished at a definite time in the past, to talk about finished actions that happened at a specific time in the past

4. How do we make the simple past tense ?
To make the simple past we use :
past form or auxiliary did + base form
Formula:
(+) s + v2
(-) s + auxiliary verb /be + not + v1
(?) auxiliary verb /be + s + v1 ?
Base form (v1)
Past form (v2)
Past participle (v3)
work
worked
arise
arose
arisen go
went
gone

5. How do we use the simple Past Tense ?
The simple past tense use to talk about an action or situation in the past.
The event in the past.
The event is completely finished.
When we say or understand the time and place of the event.

6. The Zoo
Last Wednesday we decided to visit the zoo. We arrived the next morning after we breakfasted, cashed in our passes and entered. We walked toward the first exhibits. I looked up at a giraffe as it stared back at me. I stepped nervously to the next area. One of the lions gazed at me as he lazed in the shade while the others napped. One of my friends first knocked then banged on the tempered glass in front of the monkey’s cage. They howled and screamed at us as we hurried to another exhibit where we stopped and gawked at plumed birds. After we rested, we headed for the petting zoo where we petted wooly sheep who only glanced at us but the goats butted each other and nipped our clothes when we ventured too near their closed pen. Later, our tired group nudged their way through the crowded paths and exited the turnstile gate. Our car bumped, jerked and swayed as we dozed during the relaxed ride home.

7. Example
One autumn evening, Charles and Beth went to the theater. They attended a play. The play started at 7:00. Charles and Beth enjoyed the theater. After the play, Charles and Beth walked together in the park. They walked beside the lake. The moon was bright. They talked about their future. When Charles and Beth went home, their children were not asleep. They waited for Charles and Beth to return. They were excited to hear about the theater! Charles told the children about the play. Then, Beth put the children to bed. Charles and Beth were very tired. It was a good night!

8. Past continuous tense
Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past . In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.

9. Formula of simple past continuous tense+ I
(s)
You
Was
(auxiliary verb )
Were
Watching
(main verb + ing )
Working TV
( o)
Hard -
He , she , it We
Not
(not)
Helping
Joking
Rani
(o) ?
They
Being
Playing
Silly ?
Football ?

10. How do we use past continuous tense ?
The past continuous tense expresses action at a particular moment in the past.
The action started before the moment but has not finished at that moment.
When our listener know or understand what time we are talking about.
It use to describe the background situation at the moment when action began.

11. Example I was not working at 8pm last night.
Were they playing football at 7am this morning ?
We were having dinner when it started to rain.
Rio went home early because it was snowing.
The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
While I was walking down street when it began to rain.
Last year at this time, I was attending school.

12. Past continuous tense + simple past tense
Past continuous tense to express a long action and we use simple past tense to express a short action that happens in the middle of long action. We can join both with
when + short action.
while + long action.
We can join between long action and short action if the sentence are relative.

13. Example
When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.

14. Thank you