1. Japan Strikes
in the Pacific
Lecture # 5
Standard

2. Standard
Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points of the war, the principal theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war conferences and political resolutions, with emphasis on the importance of geographic factors.

3. The United States Aids its Allies
Neutrality Acts
Lend-Lease Act 1941
Sell/lend materials to “any country whose defense is vital to the U.S.”
The Atlantic Charter
Roosevelt and Churchill

4. Seeking a Pacific Empire
Threatened American-controlled Philippine Islands, Guam, & Hawaii.
As a result U.S. government sent aid to strengthen Chinese resistance.
Also cut off oil, iron, and steel shipments to Japan
Starve them into submission
Invasion of Manchuria 1931
Rape Of Nanking 1937
Prove that they are the best Asians & natural resources

5. Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 Sunk/damaged 18 ships (8 battleships)
2,400 Americans were killed (over 1000 wounded)
General Tojo ordered attack

6. December 8, 1941 U. S. and Britain declare war on Japan
President (FDR) Roosevelt’s famous speech
" December 7, a date which will live in infamy..."

8. Fall of Southeast Asian colonies
Japan seized control of rich U.S & European colonies.
Guam and Wake Islands
The Philippine Islands
Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore, and the Dutch East Indies
Japan replenished depleted resources & cut China off from trade
Through a planned series of attacks in the Pacific,

9. Doolittle’s raid on Japan
Revenge for Pearl Harbor, U.S. sent 16 B-52 bombers to bomb Japanese cities.
showed that Japan could be attacked and raised American morale*
“The Japanese people had been told they were invulnerable ... An attack on the Japanese homeland would cause confusion in the minds of the Japanese people and sow doubt about the reliability of their leaders. There was a second, and equally important, psychological reason for this attack ... Americans badly needed a morale boost.”
-Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle

10. Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942)
Draw
Introduced a new kind of naval warfare using only airplanes; stopped Japan’s expansion southward

11. Battle of Midway (June 1942)
Goal to finish off the U.S. Pacific fleet (key American airfield.)
The first American victory against Japan, reversed the tide of war in favor of U.S

12. Japanese Internment

14. Battle of Guadalcanal 1942 U.S. marines seized Japanese airfield
Japan forced to abandon island; began Douglas MacArthur’s island-hopping counterattack.
Island Hop past Japanese strong points focus on weak first

15. Camps
President Franklin Roosevelt authorized the set up of Japanese internment camps Feb19,1942
62% were native-born American citizens
: imprisoned 31,275 enemy aliens (foreigners)
Residents of German & Italian descent were not excluded
Keep an eye on all Japanesesuspected the Japanese were preparing a full-scale attack on the West CoastPerimeters of the camps were fenced & equipped w/
armed guards

16. Important Camps Manzanar War Relocation Center
Tule Lake War Relocation Center
Heart Mountain War Relocation Center