1. Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency & Westward Expansion
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Chap.7 (p )
Standard 8. 4

2. The Beginning
March 4, 1801
Thomas Jefferson is the first President inaugurated in the new capital city of Washington D.C.
He delivers his first inaugural address. This address outlines what he feels are the essential principles of government.

3. Jefferson’s First Inaugural Address (1801)
Essential Principles of Government
“equal and exact justice to all men”
“peace and honest friendship with all nations”
“the support of state governments”
freedom of religion & freedom of the press
Desired to keep the government “small”
Wanted to unite all “federalists” and all “republicans”

4. T. Jefferson as President
The election of 1800 marked the first peaceful transition in power from one political party to another.
President Jefferson’s beliefs about the federal government were reflected in his policies.
Marbury v. Madison increased the power of the judicial branch of government.

5. PARTNER PAIR SHARE?
In your group please describe 1 “core belief” that Jefferson expressed in his First Inaugural Address.
A)_________________
B__________________
C__________________
Each person must verbally communicate a core belief of Jefferson’s aloud to their group.

6. ELECTION of 1800
Federalists John Adams & Charles C. Pinckney ran against Democratic-Republicans Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr.
Jefferson and Burr tied, with 73 electoral votes each.
The House broke the tie by selecting Jefferson to be president; Burr became vice president.

7. John Adams & the Federalists
Rule by the wealthy class
Strong federal government
Emphasis on manufacturing
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
British alliance

8. Democrat-Republicans
Rule by the people
Strong state governments
Emphasis on agriculture
Strict interpretation of the Constitution
French alliance

9. Jefferson’s Policies
Allowed the hated Alien and Sedition Acts to expire----
Kept the National Bank in place
Lowered military spending
Got rid of domestic taxes
Said main functions of federal govt. were--
1)Protecting the nation from foreign threats
2)Delivering mail
3) Collecting customs duties

10. CFU?
According to Thomas Jefferson, the primary role of the federal government does not include……
A.) protecting the nation from foreign threats.
B.) delivering the mail.
C.) collecting customs duties.
D.) expanding domestic taxes
Which of the following was a major theme of Thomas Jefferson’s inaugural address?
A.) uniting Republicans & Federalists
B.) increasing the size of government
C.) improving the capital’s infrastructure
D.) repaying the national debt

11. Supreme Court Case (Marbury vs. Madison-1801)
William Marbury appointed justice of peace by President Adams just before he left office
Marbury’s job was not delivered; then Jefferson took office
Marbury sued Jefferson administration to get his commission/job

12. Marbury vs. Madison (1801)
Supreme Court said the law that Marbury used to argue the case was “un-constitutional”….
Ruling established “Judicial Review”—Court’s power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
Made judicial branch equal to other two branches of government !

13. CFU ?
Which of the following statements does not reflect the significance of Marbury vs. Madison?
A. It confirmed the Supreme Court’s power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.
B. It established the power of “judicial review”.
C. It meant the Supreme Court had to hear every case brought before it.
D. It helped make the judicial branch equal to the other two branches.

14. Louisiana Purchase (1803) April 30, 1803
Robert Livingston & James Monroe signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in Paris
The United States paid $15 million for the land, roughly 4 cents per acre
Largest land purchase in American History ! -- DOUBLED THE SIZE OF THE U.S
The purchase added 828,00 square miles of land west of the Mississippi to the United States

15. Maps of the Louisiana Purchase
The original maps can be found at:

16. Lewis and Clark Expedition
January 18, Jefferson asks Congress for funds to explore the land west of the Mississippi
His goal is to find a water route to the Pacific
May Meriwether Lewis and William Clark depart on the expedition to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean……

17. Lewis and Clark Expedition
Jefferson wants Lewis & Clark to establish trade w/ the Indians
The expedition began in _________,Missouri
Reached the Pacific Ocean in November, 1805

18. CFU
1) The Louisiana Purchase was significant to the United States because ?
A.) it nearly doubled the size of the country.
B.) it helped the United States challenge British power in North America.
C.) it set a precedent regarding the purchase of territory without congressional approval.
D.) it took New Orleans out of Spain’s control.

19. Second Inaugural Address
Delivered on March 4, 1805
Stresses the importance of American neutrality in matters of foreign affairs
Outlines the Louisiana Purchase and the processes by which the original inhabitants of the land will become citizens of the United States
Stresses the importance of harmony amongst all inhabitants of America

20. Embargo Act of 1807
Renewal of the Napoleonic Wars between France and Great Britain
America was once again trapped between the two nations
Jefferson wanting to stay neutral proposed an embargo on all foreign trade
This was highly unsuccessful and devastated the American Economy
The Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was put in place to repeal the unsuccessful Embargo Act

21. CFU?
2) The Embargo Act failed because…… A.) the Non-Intercourse Act limited its scope. B.) the Federalist party rallied against it. C.) it caused American merchants to lose money and had little effect on Britain and France. D.) Spain replaced the loss of U.S. trade with increased trade in South America.

22. CFU ?
After a British navy ship targeted an American navy ship in 1807, Great Britain’s violations of U.S. neutrality resulted in the Embargo Act, which banned trade with ….
A. Britain.
B. France.
C. Europe.
D. all foreign countries.

23. Sacagawea
Sacagawea--- a Shoshone woman, served as a guide and interpreter.
The Shoshone Indians and Nez Perce helped the Expedition with
food and animals.

24. CFU ? * Which came first? A.) the Embargo Act B.) the War of 1812
* Lewis and Clarke failed in their expedition in that they did not A.) collect adequate information about western plants and animals. B.) survey the Louisiana Purchase. C.) travel over the Cascade Range on horseback. D.) find a river route across the West to the Pacific Ocean.
* Which came first?
A.) the Embargo Act
B.) the War of 1812
C.) violations of U.S. neutrality
D.) war between Great Britain and France

25. PIKE’s Expedition
Zebulon Pike---an army officer, led another expedition to the West in (1806).
Explored area near Louisiana Territory’s western border with New Spain
Headed into Rocky Mountains in present-day Colorado
Traveled into Spanish lands and was arrested
Pike’s report offered Americans the first description of the Southwest.

26. Build up to the War of 1812
British & French tried to stop the U.S from helping the other while they were at war in (1803)
British stopped American merchant ships without reason.
Impressment- the practice of capturing and forcing people to serve in the Navy. British were doing this to Americans on the sea.

27. CFU ?
2) In the opinion of the U.S, what was the last straw in Britain’s
breach of U.S. neutrality during the British-French conflict?
A.) The British stopped and searched American merchant ships to look for deserted sailors.
B.) The British stopped U.S. Navy
ships to take deserted sailors back
by force.
C.) British sailors who had run from their naval duties boarded American ships.
D.) British boats began to search and seize ships carrying war supplies to France.
1) What was the significance of Zebulon Pike’s exploration?
A.) It provided many Americans with their first account of the Northwest.
B. ) It helped outline the Louisiana
Territory’s western border with New Spain.
C. )It provided a full report of Spanish spying activities in the Southwest.
D.) It inspired mountain climbers to
explore the peaks of the Cascade

28. Impressment of the U.S ships & sailors

29. Native Americans, Great Britain, and the U
Native Americans, Great Britain, and the U.S came into conflict in the West.
Problems over land----British and Native Americans clashed with American settlers over land in the West. British agents armed Native Americans along western frontier
Tecumseh-- a Shawnee chief, emerged as an Indian leader. He wanted to unite all Native Americans of northwestern frontier

30. Tecumseh & the Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)

31. Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)
Governor William Henry Harrison (Indiana Territory) warned Tecumseh not to resist the U.S
Harrison led the attack in 1811
W.H. Harrison worried that with British help, Tecumseh could be a serious threat to the U.S.
U.S. forces won Battle of Tippecanoe, and Tecumseh fled to Canada

32. “WarHawks” call for WAR !
Evidence of British support for Tecumseh angered Americans
WarHawks--young members of Congress from the South and West, demanded war against Britain.
WarHawks wanted to invade Canada for more land to settle