1. What do you think nonrenewable resources are?
HMMMM....
What do you think nonrenewable resources are?
Break it down...
Nonrenewable?
Resource?

2. NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES
A nonrenewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption.

3. Nuclear fission uses uranium to create energy.
NUCLEAR ENERGY
Nuclear fission uses uranium to create energy.
Nuclear energy is a nonrenewable resource because once the uranium is used, it is gone!

4. COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS
Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replenished in a short period of time. These are called fossil fuels.

5. HOW IS COAL MADE ???

6. HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ???

7. HMMMM....
If nonrenewable resources are resources that cannot be re-made at a scale comparable to its consumption, what are renewable resources?

8. RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time.
● Solar ● Geothermal
● Wind ● Biomass
● Water

9. Renewable Energy Available in a never ending supply
Many do not produce GHG’s (Green House Gases)
So…. They are endless and cleaner

10. Why is energy from the sun renewable?
SOLAR
Energy from the sun.
Why is energy from the sun renewable?

11. Solar The sun is a huge source of free power Types of solar energy:
Photovoltaic panels
Solar Walls
Solar Thermal Systems
Can generate electricity & heat

12. Solar- photovoltaics Also called Solar Cells
Convert light into electricity with no turbine or generator
Can be built directly into rooftops, awnings, windows, clothing.
Can be made into any size

13. How Photovoltaic Cells work
Made of a semiconductor (usually silicon)
Silicon can be turned into a conductor by “doping it” with an impurity.
Two layers of Silicon
N Layer – doped with phosphorus or arsenic. The fifth electron has nothing to bond to, so it moves around. Gives a overall negative charge.
P Layer – doped with boron or gallium. Forms “holes” in silicon where there is nothing to bond to giving a positive charge. Can conduct current.

15. How Photovoltaic Cells Work
The border between the two layers is the junction
Electrons flow from the N layer to the P layer.
Photons from sunlight knock electrons free and the move back across the junction to the N Layer. Called “photovoltaic effect”
Wires are connected to both layers providing an electric current, causing a voltage

16. Photovoltaic Cells

17. Solar- Solarwalls Dark colored metal with tiny holes
Placed on sunny outside wall of building
Air travels through tiny holes and is warmed up by the metal
Moved into the building by fans

18. Solar Thermal Systems Convert suns rays to heat
Can be passive or active.

19. GEOTHERMAL Energy from Earth’s heat.
Why is energy from the heat of the Earth renewable?

20. Geothermal
The earth is made up of layers including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.
The mantle is made of hot melted rock called magma
The inner core has temps hotter than the suns surface

21. Geothermal Energy

22. Geothermal Energy
Heat from the inner core rises, causing hotter, less dense rocks to rise to the surface and cooler, more dense rocks to sink and reheat.
This brings geothermal heat closer to surface
Can break sections of crust allowing heat and magma to rise further

23. Geothermal Energy
Creates Geysers and hot springs

24. Geothermal Availability
The most active Geothermal resources are found along major plate boundaries.
Ring of Fire is where most geothermal activity occurs

25. Geothermal Availability
Most geothermal resources are deep underground
Can be located using satellite and aerial photos, geologic maps, seismic data, heat flow maps, temperature gradient hole drilling.

26. Geothermal Energy –Heat pumps
Use constant temperature below the frost line (50-60 degrees) and tie it in to buildings heating and cooling system
In winter, fluids circulating in the piping carries heat to the building
Heat pump uses compressors and heat exchangers to concentrate the energy and release it into the home at a higher temperature

27. Geothermal Energy- Heat Pumps
Higher cost of installation
Replaces furnace, air conditioner and water heater
Saves hundreds of $ per year
No Emissions!
In the summer the process is reversed
Excess Heat is drawn from the home, expelled to the loop and absorbed by the earth

28. Geothermal Energy for Electricity
Hot water can drive turbines and produce electricity.
Can use hot water at surface (iceland) or need to drill
Dry Steam Plants- hot steam piped directly from reservoirs into turbines
Flash Steam Plants- High pressure hot water is brought up and flashed to steam driving turbines
Binary Cycle Plants- Hot water used to heat another liquid (isobutene), boils into vapor, spins turbines

29. GEOTHERMAL Power Plants

30. Why is energy from the wind renewable?

31. Wind Energy Wind travels into and through blades.
Blades rotate and turn a shaft.
Shaft connects to a generator that creates electricity as shaft rotates.
Magnets inside generator rotate inside a coil of wire, creating electric current in the wire

32. Wind Turbines Horizontal Axis Vertical Axis 2-3 blades
Shaped like propeller blades
Light high tech materials
Blades up to 413 ft long
Used in Wind Farms
Smaller ones available
Vertical Axis
Less common
Used for smaller applications at lower wind speeds

33. Wind Energy
Typically one small turbine is not enough to power a house.
Often coupled with solar energy

34. BIOMASS Energy from burning organic or living matter.
Why is energy from biomass renewable?

35. Biomass/Biofuel Energy
Stored solar energy that can be converted into electricity or fuel
Forest residues
Agricultural crops and waste
wood and wood waste
animal waste,
aquatic plants (algae)
municipal waste.
Sugar cane, corn, cereal crops can be converted into liquid fuel (ethanol)
Methane harvested from landfills

36. WATER or HYDROELECTRIC
Energy from the flow of water.
Why is energy of flowing water renewable?

37. Hydropower 1/5th of worlds energy comes from hydropower
Pipes channel the water from the reservoir through a dam
Water drives turbines, which spin generators to produce electricity

38. What are the differences between nonrenewable and renewable resources?
SUMMARY
What are the differences between nonrenewable and renewable resources?