1. UNIT IX READING TABLES AND GRAPHS (CHARTS)
Objectives:
to understand kinds of
illustrated information
to familiarize with tables, graphs or charts
to read graphs, tables, or charts

2. Table A table normally consists of five main components:
Title of the table
Head of its rows
Head of its columns
Information, and
Footnote of the table

3. Graph (Chart) There are three types of graphs/charts:
Histogram (Bar Graph),
Pie Chart, and
Line Chart.
The same as Tables, Graphs also have (1) Title, (2) Information, and (3) Footnote.

4. Graphs will have only two variables: one independent and one dependent variable presented in Two Axes (for a line graph or a bar graph, but not for a pie graph), namely the axes Y that represents a dependent variable and the axes X that represents independent variable.

5. HOW TO READ THE CHART OR TABLE?
A good reader will read a table or graph in three steps, from specific to general information by:
1. describing the component of the
table or graph,
2. inferring its data by comparing
and contrasting, and
3. concluding

6. Step I: Describing the component of the table or graph
Here, at first we read (1) the title of the table or graph, (2) the source, and (3) the variables contained in the columns and rows, or the variables in Axis Y and Axis X. Next, we read the content of the information. In reading the content, it is not necessary for you to read all of the information. You can read the information that you might think the most important; even though, to some extent, you have to do that sometimes.

7. Step II: Inferring its data by comparing and contrasting
To Indicate Upward Movement (  ):
Verb Noun
To increase increase, hike
To raise raise
To jump jump
To climb -
To go up -

8. To Indicate Downward Movement (  ):
Verb Noun
To decrease decrease
To fall fall
To drop drop
To decline decline
To go down

9. To Indicate Stability:
Verb Noun
To level out leveling out
To remain steady -
Not Change no change

10. To fluctuate fluctuation To reach reaching To revive revival
Other Situation:
Verb Noun
To fluctuate fluctuation
To reach reaching
To revive revival

11. Amplifying with Adjective:
Amplifying with Adverbs: fractionally higher, slightly lower, somewhat lower, considerably higher, etc.
Amplifying with Adjective:
a sudden drop, a dramatic rise, a steady growth, a stable situation, etc.

12. Some ‘prepositions’ are also used to indicate the changes; e.g:
The percentage rose from 60% to 80%.
The figure fell from 80% to 60%.
The amount stood/stayed at
The figure rose by three percent.

13. Step III: Concluding
The final step is conclusion. You might conclude that the table or graph indicates the fluctuation or the rise or the decline of something from time to time. This may lead you to give a suggestion or proposal or recommendation about the strategy to get involved or cope with the related situation in the future.