1. Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Neuromusculoskeletal Model Calibration Significantly Affects Predicted Knee Contact Forces for Walking
J Biomech Eng. 2016;138(8): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Block diagram of the two-step optimization formulation. asyn stands for activations reconstructed from synergy components, ma and madev for moment arm and moment arm deviations, respectively, sa for activation scale factors for muscles with experimental EMG data, SVmod for synergy vectors for muscles without experimental EMG data, l0M and sl0M for optimal fiber lengths and their scale factors, lsT and slsT for tendon slack lengths and their scale factors, a for model activations, ares for reserve activations, Fs for reserve actuator strength values (which are 0.5 Nm), athres for half-range of allowable activation variation (0.01 for muscles with associated experimental EMG data and 0.05 for all other muscles), f for muscle forces, and M for inverse dynamic moments. i is the muscle (44 muscles), j is the time frame (101 frames), and k is the tracked joint moment (six loads).

2. Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Neuromusculoskeletal Model Calibration Significantly Affects Predicted Knee Contact Forces for Walking
J Biomech Eng. 2016;138(8): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Experimental knee contact forces and mean knee contact force predictions for approaches A and B. The gray area corresponds to the mean ± standard deviation for the experimental forces.

3. Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Neuromusculoskeletal Model Calibration Significantly Affects Predicted Knee Contact Forces for Walking
J Biomech Eng. 2016;138(8): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Muscle forces for muscles with the greatest mean differences between approaches A and B. The plotted area corresponds to the mean ± standard deviation for all six gait cycles.

4. Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Neuromusculoskeletal Model Calibration Significantly Affects Predicted Knee Contact Forces for Walking
J Biomech Eng. 2016;138(8): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Normalized muscle fiber lengths for muscles with the greatest differences in mean muscle forces between approaches A and B. The plotted area corresponds to the mean ± 1 standard deviation for all six gait cycles.

5. Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Neuromusculoskeletal Model Calibration Significantly Affects Predicted Knee Contact Forces for Walking
J Biomech Eng. 2016;138(8): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Activations reconstructed from synergy components (activationSyn in solid lines) and model activations (activation in dashed lines) for muscles with associated experimental EMG data in one representative gait cycle. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically different r values between approaches A and B.