1. End of “The Great War”
Treaties of WW1

2. Armistice
Armistice: November 11th, An agreement amongst warring countries to stop fighting and move to a peace conference. The victors will set the terms for peace.
Paris Peace Conferences and the Treaty of Versailles: Summary
All nations agreed that Germany had to pay Reparations (damages due to war).

3. War Guilt Clause (Article 231)
forced Germany to accept full responsibility for the cause of the war. Germans were outraged and never forgave the Allies for this.
Germany’s military was severely restricted
Germany was forced to give up colonies and return conquered territory
The Constitution of the League of Nations was to be included as part of the Treaty
Protest again the Treaty of Versaille
outside German Parliament (Reichstag) 1919

4. League of Nations Idea proposed by U.S President Woodrow Wilson
Part of Wilson’s ‘fourteen points’: plan to guarantee international peace
Goals: disarmament and collective security

5. Canada’s Role
Prime Minister Borden insisted that Canada be given its own seat at the Paris Peace Conference. Originally, Canada was to be represented by Great Britain.
Borden also insisted that Canada be given the right to sign the Treaty of Versailles
Canadian sacrifice at the Somme, Ypres, Passchendaele, and most importantly Vimy Ridge, gave Canada the right to be represented independently at Versailles.
Canada earned independent membership to the League of NationsCanadian contribution to WWI and independent representation at the Paris Peace Conference significantly contributed to Canadian autonomy

6. International Effects of WW1
10 million dead; 20 million wounded; $200 billion price tag
Empires disintegrated and the map of Europe changed drastically
Eventual failure of the Treaty of Versailles contributed to WWII

7. Negative Effects of the War in Canada
Over 60,000 killed; 178,000 wounded; War cost Canada $3 billion dollars
Conscription issue deepened the differences between French & English Canadians

8. Positive Effects of the War in Canada
Canada experienced significant economic growth during and after the war
After the war, Canada’s population increased due to immigration
Canadian troops gained global recognition (Vimy Ridge, Passchendaele, etc.)
Women gained the federal vote, and were able to work traditionally male jobs
Independent membership in the League of Nations (later became the UN)
Canada was one step closer to receiving total autonomy