1. Europe & the Americas: Spain – conquest & colonisation
Early modern period general
Lecture 13
Simon Ditchfield

2. Columbus the discoverer: of a ‘new’ world?
The intrepid hero

3. Cortes the conqueror: the clash of civilisations?
Hernan Cortes (c )
The destruction of an empire

4. Pizarro the adventurer: treacherous thug?
Francisco Pizarro ( )
Arrival of Pizarro & de Almagro
in Peru (1530)

5. Spain: a 700-year crusade
Reconquista
Santiago matamoros

6. Spain: a Catholic empire
Ferdinand & Isabella
Santiago matamoros

7. Portuguese preconditions
Henry the Navigator
Portuguese explorations

8. Dividing the spoils (before they were even won)

9. The ‘T-O’ map of the world
The geography of I
The ‘T-O’ map of the world
Hartmann Schedel
Liber chronicorum, 1493

10. The geography of II

11. Columbus’s voyages

12. Cortes & the ‘conquest’ of Mexico
Cortes & la Malinche
Cortes’ campaigns

13. Tenochtitlan: wonder of the world

14. Cortes, Malinche & Moctezuma
Communicating power
Human sacrifice
Cortes, Malinche & Moctezuma

15. Lienzo de Tlaxcalla (1520s)
Moctezuma’s end
Florentine Codex (c.1550)
Lienzo de Tlaxcalla (1520s)

16. Tawantinsuyu: a recent empire
Cuzco (Qosqo)

17. Inca wealth & Power I
Quipu

18. Inca wealth & Power II
Cuzco’s walls today
Machu Picchu

19. Coup de main at Cajamarca
Execution of Atahuallpa

20. A slow conquest

21. The Devastation of the Indies: a brief account (1552)
The human cost I
Bartolome de las Casas
( )
The Devastation of the Indies: a brief account (1552)

22. The human costs II: the ‘Columbian exchange’

23. Some myths of conquest The achievement of a few great men
Conquistadors had been sent by their King
Conquest achieved & Colonialism rapidly imposed
Conquest reduced Americas to a native void
Innate European superiority

24. Religious Identities

25. Big science

26. Globalisation