1. What Motivates You can Make You Happy

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3. What does that mean?

4. Dan Pink - Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us

5. Experiments
Harry Harlow
Edward Deci

6. External Motivation

7. Sticks and Carrots

8. History Think of the Industrial Revolution Turn of the 20th Century
Fredrick Winslow Taylor
Developed Scientific Management
Reward desired behavior
Punish unwanted behavior
Flourished throughout Industry

9. Benefits Easy to define Linear Relationship
To get more of what you want, add incentive

10. Where Carrots Fail Scientific Studies
With cognitive tasks, incentives diminish performance

11. Sticks

12. Carrots and Sticks They can extinguish intrinsic motivation
They can diminish performance
They can crush creativity
They can crowd out good behavior
They can encourage cheating, shortcuts, and unethical behavior
They can become addictive
They can foster short term thinking

13. Intrinsic Motivation

14. Self-determination theory
Many theories of behavior pivot around a particular tendency. We’re keen responders to positive and negative reinforcements… SDT argues that we have three innate psycological needs – compentence, autonomy, and relatedness. When these needs are satisfied, we’re motivated, productive, and happy.
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan at the University of Roch

15. Autonomy

16. Autonomous motivations involves behaving with a full sense of volition and choice… Whereas controlled motivation involves behaving with the experience of pressure and demand toward specific outcomes that come from forces perceived to be external to the self.
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan

17. Assumption
We are all responsible people who are capable of accomplishing the tasks at hand.

18. Assumption
We want to do our job.

19. Autonomy in Software Engineering
Time
Daily hours
Extra hours
What it takes to accomplish tasks
Technique
How to accomplish task
Order of tasks
When a task is complete

20. mastery

21. Mindset Carol Dweck Study Entity Theory Incremental Theory
Half students a performance goal
Get an A in French
Half students a learning goal
Learn to speak French
“effective for straightforward problems”
“inhibited ability to apply concepts to new situations

22. Flow Csikszentmihalyi study Flow is not a nicety, it is a necesity
Participants removed from their lives anything that they did because they enjoyed them
“play” or “noninstrumental”
48 hours and participant’s mood deteriorated such that they had to cancel the study
Flow is not a nicety, it is a necesity

23. purpose

24. Purpose
Purpose provides activation energy for living. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

25. Purpose
The goals of management are usually described in words like efficiency, advantage, value, superiority, focus, and differentiation. Important as these objectives are, they lack the power to rouse human hearts. Business leaders must find ways to infuse mundane business activities with deeper, soul-stirring ideals. Gary Hamel

26. The Good Life Edward Deci, Richard Ryan, Christopher Niemiec study
Asked students about life goals
Followed up in two years
Extrinsic aspirations
Wealth and fame
Increased anxiety and depression
Intrinsic aspirations
Help others improve lives, to learn, etc.
Low levels of anxiety and depression

27. Intrinsic motivation in software engineering

28. Agile Manifesto Individuals and Interactions Working Software
over processes and tools
Working Software
over comprehensive documentation
Customer Collaboration
over contract negotiation
Responding to Change
over following a plan

29. Principles Behind Agile Manifesto
Build projects around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need, and trust them to get the job done.

30. Principles Behind Agile Manifesto
The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams

31. Flow When what one must do exceeds capabilities, anxiety results
When what one must do falls short of capabilities, boredom results
When the match is just right – we call this flow

32. Persuading your Boss Ask the right question
“Can I turn around this whole organization” or
“Is there one thing I can do tomorrow in my own domain to make things a little better”

33. Persuading your Boss Be strategically subversive
Take a subversive step
If it fails, keep quite
If it succeeds, tell others
Others are probably frustrated with the status quo too

34. Persuading your Boss Emphasize Results Tell your boss the positive
Increase sales
Streamline processes
Offer up suggestions to achieve these results

35. Persuading your Boss Boss is human (sometimes) May also be craving
Autonomy
Mastery
Purpose

36. There is a mismatch between what science knows and what business does
There is a mismatch between what science knows and what business does. The gap is wide.