1. Enzymes Uses of enzymes
S3 Biology
Enzymes
Uses of enzymes

2. Recap Write two things you learned last lesson
This lesson is about uses of enzymes
- write down something you would like to find out about the uses of enzymes

3. What are we learning today?
We are learning to:
State some functions of enzymes
Explain how biological detergents are different to non-biological detergents
Success criteria:
Sweets, detergents, food
Cleansing potential of biological powders compared to non-biological

4. What are enzymes used for in industry?

5. How do you make a soft gooey centre?
Chocolate is poured over a solid mixture
which contains the sugar sucrose
An enzyme, Sucrase, breaks down the sucrose (solid)
into glucose and fructose (soft)

6. Baby foods:
Proteases are used to pre-digest some of the protein in food.
The babies digestive system can then get the nutrition they need from food

7. Choices
Glucose syrup is converted into fructose syrup by isomerase enzyme
Glucose and fructose contain exactly the same amount of energy
but fructose is much sweeter
therefore much less of it is needed to make food taste sweet
a good diet choice.
Isomerase is used in the diet industry

8. ‘Biological’ detergents
A detergent containing enzymes
Enzymes digest stains
- break large particles (e.g. protein) down into small particles
Non-bio detergents have no enzymes
Enzymes are produced by bacteria
Bacteria grown in an industrial fermenter
Whilst growing, they release enzymes
Enzymes extracted & purified
Some people suffer from allergies to ‘bio’ detergents
- enzymes can be coated with wax

9. Advantages of using biological washing powder
Reduce fuel & energy use
– work at lower temperatures
Less damage to fabrics
– less shrinking at low temperatures
Can remove ‘difficult’ stains, that “non-bios” can’t
- e.g. grass, blood
Bio detergents often contain several types of enzyme
- e.g. protein-digesting, starch-digesting, fat-digesting

10. Experiment – comparing “bio” and “non-bio” detergent
You will be provided with two milk agar plates
Each will have wells cut into them
You will observe the effect that the 2 types of detergent have on the milk agar

11. Summary State some functions of enzymes
Explain how biological detergents are different to non-biological detergents