1. Macbeth By William Shakespeare
INTRODUCTION:
Reading: “Why Read Shakespeare?” (p in book)
Macbeth Rap
Setting
Conflicts
Characters
VIDEO:

2. “Why Read Shakespeare?”
BRAIN WORK
WORDS, WORDS, WORDS
COMPLEX CHARACTERS
RICH DENSE LANGUAGE
1. UNIVERSAL APPEAL

3. Characteristics of a Tragic Hero & Dramatic Conventions
TAKE DOWN NOTES!
Dramatic Conventions
A Tragic Hero…
is of high social rank – a king, a prince, or a general
has a tragic flaw – an error in judgment or a character defect – that ultimately leads to his or her downfall *RUTHLESS AMBITION*
suffers complete ruin or death
faces his or her downfall with courage and dignity
Dramatic Irony
results when the audience knows more than one or more of the characters
helps build suspense
Soliloquy
is a speech given by a character alone on stage, used to reveal his or her private thoughts and feelings
may help the audience understand a character’s motivation
Aside
is a character’s remark, either to the audience or to another character, that no on else on stage is supposed to hear
lets the audience in on a character’s thoughts or secrets

7. Characters

8. Map
Castle in Scotland

9. The Setting Medieval Times.
Macbeth is set mostly in 11th century- Scotland.
The setting is also briefly in England
The start of the play foreshadows the play as a tragedy just by the portrayal of fogginess and a terrible thunderstorm taking place.
Most action takes place in Macbeth’s castle and later, the palace in Dunsinane.
Macbeth is actually the only Shakespearean play set in Scotland, some people connecting it to the reality in which King James IV of Scotland was crowned King James I of England.
This occurred in 1603 after Queen Elizabeth died, thus allowing King James to become the king of England a few years before the play was even written.
Although the play was written in 1606, it takes place in Scotland of medieval times, around the time the actual characters lived.
The stage setting of the play included minimal furniture, excessive darkness, and often thunderous sound effects giving into the feel of a tragedy. 
Source:

10. William Shakespeare William Shakespeare
English playwright, poet, and actor who is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language, as well as the world’s preeminent dramatist.
The general consensus is that Shakespeare wrote plays in his lifetime, as well as 154 sonnets.
399 years after his death, Shakespeare racks up over 100,000,000 results in a Google search
For more on Shakespeare’s Life:

11. Renaissance England
The Renaissance was a period of scientific, cultural, and economic rebirth in Europe that spanned from the 14th to the 17th century. Some of the major characteristics of this historical time period were:
 A concern with the place of man in the universe
A celebration of the individual and the concept of free will
Scientific exploration of the physical world
Travel, trade, and exploration
A breakdown of the feudal system and establishment of new political orders
A questioning of the roles of traditional authorities.
Queen Elizabeth I ( )
Queen Elizabeth I ( )
King James ( )

12. Theater and the Renaissance
The theater’s role in Renaissance culture served as an important place for exploring the possibilities-love, trials, and tragedies-- of the human experience.
Just as people enjoy going to a movie today, theater was a very popular form of entertainment that people of many different social classes enjoyed during Shakespeare’s lifetime.
The first theater was built in In 1599, Shakespeare’s company opened the Globe Theatre.
 Theaters were built to hold over a thousand spectators. Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre was open-aired, and performances were held every afternoon except on Sundays.
 Macbeth was likely first performed in the summer of 1606.

13. Characteristics of Shakespearean Tragedy
Take Notes in notebook!
Main Character
Dramatic Conventions
Tragic Hero:
Is of high social rank
Has a tragic flaw that leads to his or her own demise: RUTHLESS AMBITION
Suffers complete ruin or death
Faces his or her downfall with courage & dignity
Dramatic Irony:
When the audience knows more than a character does
Builds suspense.
Soliloquy
A speech given by a character alone on stage. The character reveals his or her thoughts/feelings.
Aside
A character’s remark that only the audience or another character is supposed to hear.
Lets the audience in on a character’s secrets.
VIDEO:

14. Rhetorical devices: Examples:
Repetition: The use of words and phrases more than once to emphasize ideas
Parallelism: repetition of grammatical structures to express ideas that are related or of equal importance.
Rhetorical questions:
the use of questions that require no answers, to make the speaker’s rightness seem obvious.
Repetition: Thrice to thine, and thrice to mine
And thrice again to make up nine
Act I, Scene 3,
Parallelism: When the hurly-burly’s done, when the battle’s lost and won
Act I, Scene 1
Rhetorical Questions: Do you not hope your children shall be kings
When those that gave the Thane of Cawdor to me
Promised no less to them?
Act I, Scene 3
For more examples, please visit:

15. Main Conflicts External v. Internal Conflicts
External conflict: struggle between a literary character and an outside force; drives dramatic action. Examples are man v. man, man v. nature & man v. society.
Examples:
Man v. man - Lady Macbeth pressuring Macbeth to murder Duncan.
Man v. nature – Macbeth vs. the SUPERNATURAL, which includes the three witches, floating daggers, and more!
Man v. society - the struggle between the murderous evil represented by Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and the best interests of the nation, represented by Malcolm and Macduff
Internal conflict: Psychological struggle within a literary character's mind. AKA man v. self
Macbeth losing his sanity, and the guilt he feels after murdering Duncan and Banquo.
The burden of Lady Macbeth's conscience becomes too great for her and her mental and physical condition deteriorates

16. Differences in Character Speech: Class Distinctions in Macbeth
Take Notes - Write down all items in this COLOR!
Blank Verse or, Unrhymed Iambic Pentameter (The Nobles)
In Macbeth the noble characters mostly speak in unrhymed iambic pentameter, which is a fancy way of saying they talk like this: ba-DUM, ba-DUM, ba-DUM, ba-DUM, ba-DUM.
See, an "iamb" is an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one. "Penta" means "five," and "meter" refers to a regular rhythmic pattern. So "iambic pentameter" is a kind of rhythmic pattern that consists of five iambs per line. It's the most common rhythm in English poetry. Let's try it out on this line, where Lady Macbeth urges her husband to wash his hands after he has murdered King Duncan:
and WASH this FILthy WITness FROM your HAND.
Every second syllable is accented (stressed) so this is classic iambic pentameter. Since the lines have no regular rhyme scheme we call it unrhymed iambic pentameter, a.k.a. blank verse.

17. Trochaic Tetrameter with Rhymed Couplets (The Witches)
The witches also speak in verse but it's done in a way that sets them apart from other characters. In fact, they often chant in a sing-song way that sounds a lot like a scary nursery rhyme. Many of their lines are delivered in what's called trochaic tetrameter with rhymed couplets.
That's a mouthful but, again, it's actually pretty simple once you wrap your brain around it. Let's take a closer look at "trochaic tetrameter."
A "trochee" is the opposite of an "iamb." It's an accented syllable followed by an unaccented syllable that sounds like DUM-da. "Tetra" means "four" and "meter" refers to a regular rhythmic pattern. So "trochaic tetrameter" is a kind of rhythmic pattern that consist of four trochees per line. It sounds like this: DUM-da, DUM-da, DUM-da, DUM-da.
Here's an example from Macbeth:
DOUble, DOUble, TOIL and TROUble.
FIre BURN and CAULdron BUbble.
Notice the way the endings of these two lines rhyme (trouble and bubble)? That's what's called a rhymed couplet.

18. Prose (Commoners)
And now for the ordinary folk, like this poor hungover porter: 'Faith sir, we were carousing till the second cock: and drink, sir, is a great provoker of three things. […] Marry, sir, nose-painting, sleep, and urine. Lechery, sir, it provokes, and unprovokes; it provokes the desire, but it takes away the performance […] (2.3)
Notice that it's not just the type of speech that sets the Porter apart from the nobles —it's also the content of what he says (which is "low" or "common"). Here, the Porter explains that he was up late "carousing" (partying) and then goes on to describe the physical consequences of excessive drinking: a red nose, a frequent urge to urinate, sleepiness, sexual desire, and problems "performing" in bed. Witty, sure—but it's not exactly what you'd call classy.
Source:

19. More: The Language of Shakespeare
SOV Inversion: Shakespeare used a great deal of SOV inversion, which renders a simple sentence like “John caught the ball” into "John the ball caught." This order is commonly found in Germanic languages (more so in subordinate clauses), from which English derives much of its syntactical foundation.
OSV Construction: Shakespeare also throws in many examples of OSV construction ("The ball John caught."). Shakespeare seems to use this colloquially in many places as a transitory device, bridging two sentences, to provide continuity

20. Terms to Know
Iambic pentameter
Paradox
Soliloquy
Aside
Irony