1. Parts of Speech & Article
Week 2
Parts of Speech & Article

2. Objectives learn different types of verbs
Students will be able to:
learn different types of verbs
learn adverbs and how to use adverbs in a sentence and paragraph
Learn preposition and its usage
Learn conjunction and interjection
Use all parts of speech in their writing effectively

3. Verb A verb is a word that expresses an action or state of being.
e.g. Run, jump, dance, write
e.g. he writes a letter on every Monday

4. Types of verb Action verbs walk, move, play, write etc.
Linking verbs to be ( is, am, are, was, were), seem, feel, look
Auxiliary/ Helping verbs have, do, be
Modal verbs ( can/could, may/might, will/shall)

5. Continued Transitive and intransitive verbs :
Transitive verb takes object.
Ex. He is writing a letter.
Intransitive verb does not take object.
Ex. He sleeps.

6. Verb related errors in writing
Students do not either write main verb or helping verb.
Examples
I am do my work. (Incorrect)
I am doing my work. (Correct)
He sometimes help his friend. (Incorrect)
He sometimes helps his friend. (Correct)
I gone to university to attend my English class. (Incorrect)
I have gone to university to attend my English class. (Correct)
I can did my work in time. (Incorrect)
I can do my work in time. (Correct)

7. Adverb

8. Adverb
Adverbs are used to modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
Examples:
Simon sings beautifully. (Verb)
David is extremely clever.(Adjective)
This car goes incredibly fast. (Adverb)

9. Can you make a sentence using these adverbs?
sadly
safely
happily
slowly

10. Types of adverb Adverb of Manner Adverb of Place Adverb of Time
Form of Adverb
MPT Formula
Conjunctive Adverb

11. Adverb of Manner It deals with How some action is done. Examples:
I wrote quickly.
He talked slowly.
Examples are: slowly, carefully, terribly, seriously, well, pleasantly, really, thus etc.

12. Adverb of Place
Place adverbs tell us about where something happens or where something is.
Examples
There was somebody standing nearby.
You go upstairs and do your homework. I’ll
come up in a minute.
Examples are: here, there, upstairs, downstairs, everywhere, nowhere, in, out, inside, away.

13. Adverb of Time These adverbs answer the question ‘when’. Examples:
She died two years ago.
I wrote to him yesterday.
Have you seen him before?
Examples are: tomorrow, today, yesterday, now, then, never, soon, already, ago, formerly, lately etc.

14. Form of Adverb Usually Ly Example: like luckily, happily, resultantly,
beautifully, etc

15. MPT Formula Manner (M) Place(P) Time (T)
Ali usually goes at 9 o clock in the park. Incorrect
Ali usually goes in the park at 9 o clock. Correct
Manner Place Time

16. Linking adverbs (then, however)
Linking adverbs show a relationship between two clauses or sentences (e.g. a sequence in time, cause and effect, contrast between two things):
I left my house in the morning [sequence]then I went to pick up Leanne at her house.
[cause]We talked until the early hours and [effect]consequently I overslept the next morning. (the result of the late night is that I was late the next morning)
The sun will be shining in France. [contrast]However, heavy rain is expected in Spain.

17. Common Error Adverb or Adjective?
An ADVERB modifies verbs, adjectives and other adverbs.
Example: The car races fast.
(Fast describes how it races. Races is a verb. The kind of word that describes a verb is an adverb; therefore, in this sentence, fast is an adverb.)
An ADJECTIVE modifies nouns.
Example:
The fast car is racing.
(Fast describes car. Car is a noun. The kind of word that describes a noun is an adjective; therefore, in this sentence, fast is an adjective.)

18. Use of adverb in a Paragraph
Without adverb: Little readability
The man got in the car. He drove his car to the old house. He walked up to the door and knocked on it. The door  opened.
By using adverb
The man quickly got in the car.  He peacefully drove his car to the old house.  He happily walked up to the door and swiftly knocked on it. The door opened  immediately.

19. Activity See Booklet
Teacher will ask the students to write a paragraph on Internet, advantages and disadvantages and then they use conjunctive adverbs given on the next slide to connect their ideas effectively.
Students will follow the previous slide how to use adverb in a paragraph.

20. Activity in the class Underline Adverbs in the given sentences
1. Neil stopped suddenly and listened. 2. Nathan stamped his feet angrily. 3. I carefully glued the last piece onto the model. 4. Sam accidentally slipped on the ice. 5. Yesterday, they played a game. 6. The truck grumbled loudly. 7. We will go to the concert soon. 8. Jen waited patiently for the computer to load.

21. Solution of the activity
1. Neil stopped suddenly and listened. 2. Nathan stamped his feet angrily. 3. I carefully glued the last piece onto the model. 4. Sam accidentally slipped on the ice. 5. Yesterday, they played a game. 6. The truck grumbled loudly. 7. We will go to the concert soon. 8. Jen waited patiently for the computer to load.

22. Activity
See booklet

23. Highlighting a point
Importantly, Indeed, In fact, More importantly, Furthermore, Moreover, It is also important to highlight…
Changing direction and creating comparisons
However, In contrast, Conversely, Nevertheless, On the contrary, Rather, On one hand, On the other hand,
Adding another point
In addition, Further, Another point to consider is…
Secondly, Thirdly, Also,  
Adding a similar point
Similarly, Likewise, Again
Summarising
Finally, In a nutshell, Resultantly, Consequently, To conclude this…, To summarise, In summary, In sum, …

24. Johnny Grammar Adverb Video

25. Home task
Students will read the following pages and solve the exercises of
113,
114
115

26. Preposition

27. Preposition
Prepositions are words what we use before noun and pronoun to show their relationship with other words in a sentence.
Example: I am sitting on a chair.

28. Prepositions In: Years: in 2006, Month: in march,
Seasons: in the summer
City: in Lahore,
Capital: in Islamabad
Country: in Pakistan
Spaces: in the room, in the ground

29. Continued On: Date: on 23rd Sept, 2016 Weeks: on Saturday,
Surface: on the table
At:
Time: at 6 o clock
Parallel: at the door

30. Preposition of a place
Eastwood page no 284. Here is a list of preposition and teacher will discuss with the students preposition with their functions

31. Johnny Grammar Preposition Video

32. Activity
Ex. 118 p. 287,
Time allowed: 10 Minutes

33. Home task Students will solve the exercises 120, p. 291
Ex. 121, p. 293
Ex. 122, p. 295
Ex. 119, p. 289,

34. What is an Interjection?
An interjection is something that interrupts a sentence.
It is something that also expresses your emotions like happiness, fear, anger, or pain.
Some examples of interjections are:
Alas, hurrah, wow, uh oh, oh no, gosh, shhhh
Example: Alas, I failed in the exams.

35. Conjunction A conjunction joins words, phrases, and sentences.
Example: I worked hard and passed the exams.

36. Types of Conjunctions
There are seven coordinating conjunctions: Use FANBOYS to remember
for and nor but
or yet so

37. Articles
A, an, the

38. Objectives Students will be able to learn:
Appropriate use of articles ( a, an & the) in a piece of writing

39. Using Articles Articles modify nouns.
English has two articles: the and a/an.
The is used to refer to specific or particular nouns and is called Definite Article.
A/an is used to modify non-specific or non-particular nouns and is called indefinite article.
For example, if I say, "Let's read the book," I mean a specific book.
If I say, "Let's read a book," I mean any book rather than a specific book.

40. A and AN Both are used for singular
An: it is used with vowel sounds not vowel words.
Ex. An apple, an orange
An: it is used with silent h like
Ex: an honest man, half an hour
An/a: for profession
Ex: She is an engineer.

41. Continued A is used with the consonant letter:
Ex: a boy; a car; a bike; a zoo; a dog

42. Omission of a/an We do not use a/an with following things.
Plural things:
Ex: He is buying two books.
Sports:
Ex: They play hockey.
Meals:
Ex: I am taking my dinner.
Nature
Ex: Nature is lying everywhere.

43. The
With particular thing: It is used both with singular and plural noun when the noun is particular or specific.
Ex: The people of China.
Directions: (East, west, south, north)
Ex: The sun sets in the west.
Represent class, group, community
The rich does not like the poor.
Superlative adjective
Ex: He is the wisest boy in the class.
Books and newspapers
The Holy Quran, the Dawn, the News

44. The Nations Ex: The Muslims, the Hindus Period and events in history
Ex: the Middle ages
Comparative adjective
Ex: The higher you go the cooler it is.
Seas, rivers, ranges, mountains, gulfs
Ex. The Red Seas, the Ravi River, the
Korakuram
Deserts, forests, peninsula
Ex: the Sahara desert, the black forst, the
Iberian peninsula

45. The Museums and galleries Ex: the Asian Civilization Museum Buildings
Ex: the University Cultural Centre
Highways
Ex: The Motorway N-5

46. Omission of the With following rules, we do not use The.
Abstract: milk, democracy
Country: except three: the USA, the UK, the UAE
Cities: Lahore, London, Shangai
Weeks: Saturday, Sunday
Months: July, March

47. Omission of the Academic subjects: English, Islamiat, Physics
Parks, lakes: Hyde Park
Games: football, cricket
Language and Nationalities: English and
American
Generally discussed: Inflation is increasing day
by day.

48. Omission of the
With common things like: go to school, hospital,

49. Activity in the class Fill in the blank by using a, an & The
1. I want ____ apple from that basket. 2. ____ church on the corner is progressive. 3. Miss Lin speaks ____ Chinese. 4. I borrowed ____ pencil from your pile of pencilsand pens. 5. One of the students said, "____ professor is late today." 6 Eli likes to play ____ volleyball. 7. I bought ____ umbrella to go out in the rain. 8. My daughter is learning to play ____ violin at her school.

50. Answer of the Activity
I want an apple from that basket. 2. The church on the corner is progressive. 3. Miss Lin speaks Chinese. (no article needed) 4. I borrowed a pencil from your pile of pencils and pens. 5. One of the students said, "The professor is late today." 6. Eli likes to play volleyball. (no article needed) 7. I bought an umbrella to go out in the rain. 8. My daughter is learning to play the violin at her school.

51. Class Activity Students will solve it on Activity Booklet
Most people have fewer hours to give to time-consuming activities of clubs than they used to have, but most people in small town belong to club or two. One of clubs is likely to be social and benevolent organization, such as Rotary or Elks. Business people are likely to belong, also to either Kiwanis Club or Lions. Such business people's organizations may meet as often as once a week in one of private dining rooms of town's leading hotel for lunch. They have good lunch, hear good program, and continue their fundraising program for worthy organization, such as local hospital.

52. Answer of the Activity
Most working people have fewer hours to give to time- consuming activities of clubs than they used to have, but most people in a small town belong to a club or two. One of the clubs is likely to be a social and benevolent organization, such as the Rotary or Elks. Business people are likely to belong, also to either the Kiwanis Club or the Lions. Such business people's organizations may meet as often as once a week in one of the private dining rooms of the town's leading hotel for lunch. They have a good lunch, hear a good program, and continue their fundraising program for a worthy organization, such as a local hospital.

53. Home Task
Teacher will instruct the students to solve the following exercises at home.
Eastwood book
Page 83 and Exercise (1 & 3)
Page 84 and Exercise (1 & 2)

54. Mind your language Reflection Sheet Episode Name (The First Lesson)
1. Who is the teacher in the class?
2. Who is Ali Nadeem and describe his personality?
3. Who is Jameela Ranja?
4. Who is Ranjeet?
5. How does the teacher overcome the issues in the class?

55. Mind your language Season 1, episode 2 (An Inspector Call).
Teacher will show episode 2 and encourage the students that they can learn English

56. English 900 Volume 1 Unit 1 Lesson 2 & 3
Teacher will assign the role to two students to perform dialogue and solve the activity of lesson 2 & 3.

57. Vocabulary
Oxford Advance Learner Dictionary

58. Vocabulary
1. Volatile adj Likely to change suddenly or easily becoming dangerous
Sy n. Unstable
A volatile situation where from which riots might develop.
2. Garner v. syn. Gather, acquire
All the information we garnered.
Pakistan has garnered wide support from its candidate.

59. Vocabulary Searching words at home
Subvert,
Dither
& Concede

60. Home work
1. Thomson and Martinet book for reading for further detail: Reading of adverb p. 47, preposition p.91, conjunction p.288 and article p.15 
2. Watch season 1 episode 2 complete because there will be reflection of students’ idea in coming class
3. Revise and solve English 900, Unit1, lesson 2 & 3 exercises at home.

61. THANK YOU