2. Systems Foundation Standard 3: Systems
3.11 Compare healthcare delivery systems.
Non-profit and for profit
Government
Non-profit

3. Healthcare Delivery Systems
9% of all jobs in America are in health care
Employment in healthcare occupations is projected to grow 19 percent from 2014 to 2024
More than 200 different health careers

4. Healthcare Delivery Systems
Medical model (Western medicine)
assumes that illness and disease require treatment
Moving toward a wellness model
the prevention of disease and maintenance of well-being

5. Non-profit and For Profit
Company created for purpose other than profit
Tax exempt if purpose is:
charity, religion, public safety, education, prevention of cruelty to children or animals
Private
receive most of their money from a few or one single donor
Public
receive donations from the general public

6. Non-profit and For Profit
Owner(s) obtain money from the profits of the agency
Subject to taxation
Likely to offer more profitable medical services

7. Non-profit and For Profit Agencies
Hospitals
Ambulatory facilities
Long-term care facilities
Home health
Medical and dental offices
Mental health services

8. Hospitals Can be public or private
Private hospitals can be for profit or non-profit
Many different types and classifications
General hospitals treat a wide variety of illnesses and ages

9. Hospitals The Joint Commission
Formerly The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO); founded in 1951
Mission: To continuously improve health care for the public, in collaboration with other stakeholders, by evaluating health care organizations and inspiring them to excel in providing safe and effective care of the highest quality and value.
Vision: All people always experience the safest, highest quality, best-value health care across all settings.

10. Specialty Hospitals
Specific conditions, age groups, or other ways of grouping patients
For example:
Cancer hospitals
Pediatric hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Rehabilitation centers

11. Ambulatory Facilities
Also called outpatient services – they often provide diagnostic and treatment services that were previously performed in hospitals
Surgical clinics; outpatient surgery
Urgent care centers
Outpatient clinics
Optical centers
Genetic counseling centers (fertility clinics)

12. Long Term Care Facilities
Mainly care for elderly patients (residents)
May also care for any individual with disabilities or handicaps
Residential care
Nursing Homes
provide basic physical care

13. Long Term Care Facilities
Extended care facilities
provide skilled nursing care
rehabilitation services
Assisted living facilities
Independent living
provide basic services
meals
housekeeping
basic medical care

14. Home Health Care
Began in1885; a time when most of the seriously ill were cared for at home due to infectious diseases and high death rates
; due to rising hospital costs, an increase in chronic illness and a rapidly growing elderly population, the home regained status as a less costly and more appropriate place for healthcare
1965; Medicare began to pay for some services quality of care

15. Home Health Care
1990-Present; caring for sick Americans at home has assumed a significant place in the health care delivery system
Services are paid for by public and private insurance or directly by patients and their families
Home care and hospice continue to be the preferred means of receiving quality health care services for nearly 5 million Americans

16. Home Health Care Today's home health care offers: nursing
physical, occupational, respiratory, speech therapies
counseling
dietary
laboratory
dental
optical
Pharmacy
podiatry
x-ray
medical equipment
home medical supplies
personal care

17. Medical and Dental Offices
Vary from small (one doctor) to large complexes with multiple specialties and other healthcare professionals
Some treat a wide variety of illnesses and conditions, others provide specialized services

18. Mental Health Services
Counseling centers
Psychiatric clinics and hospitals
Chemical (drug and alcohol) abuse treatment centers
Physical abuse treatment centers, dealing with child abuse, spouse abuse and elderly abuse

19. Hospice Provides palliative care to dying patients and their families
Seeks to relieve symptoms but does not cure
Involves healthcare professionals and volunteers
Emphasis is to make patient’s last days as pain-free and meaningful as possible

20. Government Agencies
Can be at local, state, national and international levels
Services are tax supported
Veterans Administration Hospital

21. Government Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
World Health Organization (WHO)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Public Health System (Health departments)
Veterans Administration

22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; CDC
Concerned with cause, spread and control of disease, and other health and safety issues, in populations

23. Food and Drug Administration
Federal agency; FDA
Responsible for regulating food and drug products sold to the public

24. World Health Organization
International agency; WHO
Sponsored by the United Nations
Compiles disease statistics, promotes healthy living, and investigates serious health problems throughout the world

25. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Part of the U.S. Department of Labor; OSHA
Establishes and enforces standards that protect workers from job-related injuries and illnesses

26. Public Health System
Part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Health Departments
Provide services to states and local communities
Examples of services
Immunizations
Environmental health and sanitation
Collection of health statistics and records
Health education
Clinics for health care and prevention

27. Veterans Administration
Federally supported; VA
Hospitals and other services
Care for veterans who served in the armed forces

28. Non-profit Agencies Also called voluntary agencies
Most deal with specific diseases or groups of diseases
They provide funding for research, promote education, and provide services for victims of disease.
They also influence laws, create standards, and educate health professionals

29. March of Dimes Founded by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938
He was a victim of paralytic poliomyelitis
Initial goal of March of Dimes – care for polio victims, carry out research, develop vaccine
Today – focus on preventing birth defects and reducing infant mortality

30. American Heart Association (AHA)
Founded in 1915 by a group of cardiologists
Mission is to reduce disability and death from cardiovascular disease and stroke
Research, education and community programs

31. Systems Q & A Review Foundation Standard 3: Systems
3.11 Compare healthcare delivery systems.
Non-profit and for profit
Government
Non-profit
Q & A
Review