1. Civilisation des Etats-Unis 9d: Gilded Age
Prof. Sämi LUDWIG

2. Politics Democrats vs. Republicans Thomas Nast cartoons in NY Times and Harper’s Weekly: • Donkey and Elephant

3. Democrats: • “solid South” white supremacy • Northern city immigrants, “machines” politics = Tammany Hall, “boss” William Marcy Tweed Republicans: • “waving the bloody shirt” • Senate: “Millionaires’ Club”

4. Reform Movements: early reformers: “Mugwumps”
Reform Movements: early reformers: “Mugwumps” • moralistic, don’t support labor and farmers Civil Service Reform Act to replace “spoils system” • Carl Schurz, Secretary of Interior Temperance movement • Liquor untaxed • John Adams: pint of hard cider before breakfast • 1830s crusade • 1836 American Temperance Union • temperance plays, songs

6. 1920s Prohibition against German beer brewers in Wisconsin → until moonshine - speakeasy - medicine

7. 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes elected. • stolen election
1876 Rutherford B. Hayes elected • stolen election • Lemonade Lucy Carl Schurz Secretary of Interior ends military Reconstruction - vetoes CA bills against Chinese immigration James A. Garfield elected (“half-breed”) murdered: “I’m a stalwart and Arthur is President now.” → against Civil Service reform! Chester A. Arthur Chinese Exclusion Act Civil Service Act

8. 1884 Grover Cleveland vs. James G. Blaine
1884 Grover Cleveland vs. James G. Blaine • dirt: Mulligan letters, illegitimate child • G.A.R. “Grand Army of the Republic” lobbying veterans - Dependent Pension Bill vetoed Benjamin Harrison “the Billion Dollar Congress” spends money • subsidies • pay off political debts • tariffs • Dependent Pension Act for veterans • last surplus of USA (before Bill Clinton)