1. Relationship between CCP and KMT from 1921 to 1935
By: Cheong Kai Lun (3), jason tan xin an (7), Ong Yu Ze (15)

2. First united front

3. Aim Rid china of foreigners and militaries
Full national independence and unification

4. Reasons
Russia
CCP
KMT

5. Reasons: Soviet Russia
Soviet Russia saw china as a potential ally
However they supported the KMT as they had bigger membership and more influence over workers than CCP

6. Reasons: CCP Persuasion from Russian Comintern
Both Russian Comintern and CCP wanted to use KMT base to expand their influence and eventually break away with it
At this time CCP only had 432 members
Not regarded by Russians as suitable instrument of revolution in China

7. Reasons: KMT
Achievement of national unification and full national independence
Believed that all Chinese should participate in national revolution
Could use CCP ties with workers, peasants and Soviet aid to reorganize KMT
If CCP developed too fast it might undermine SYS’ cause of national revolution

8. Nature of First united Front
CCP joined KMT
CCP had to accept order and discipline from KMT
CCP had to publicly accept KMT as leader and central force

9. Outcome
Northern Expedition to conquer South China
Expel the warlords

10. Northern Expedition

11. Aim [KMT aim] Destroy the power of northern warlords (militarily)
[CCP aim] Once warlords defeated, seize China

12. Northern Expedition
SYS felt strong enough to negotiate with the Northern warlords
But he died
CKS took over SYS as leader of KMT

13. What happened? Once force would attack Wuhan
The other attacks Nanzhang, Nanjing and Shanghai
At the same time KMT and CCP fought for peasant and townspeople support

14. Northern Expedition

15. Outcome KMT and CCP took over half of the warlord dominated area
Led to the breakdown of the First United Front
Worsened relations between the CCP and KMT
CCP gained support

16. The 分手

17. Reasons
Different political views on change: CCP -> Violent Revolution; KMT -> Gradual Reform
CCP activities, aims, methods threatened middle classes who supported KMT
SYS death (Helped keep alliance together)
Success of Northern Expedition, KMT feel no longer need CCP support
Alliance not fully committed ( based on desire for political power)

18. Elab on Reasons… CKS alarmed by growing support of CCP
NE caused a rapid growth of support for CCP
CCP encouraged workers to go on strike, resulting in fear of revolution by middle-class
However, CKS had moved closer to the right wingers, forming personal and political ties with them
Communist activities  EMBARRASMENT
Since KMT conquered Southern China, no need CCP help -> Breakdown of alliance

19. What Happened CCP instigated rebellion in Shanghai BEFORE KMT came
KMT came, rounded up communists and killed them
Later, KMT executed more communists in Guangzhou, forcing them to flee

20. Outcome Communist retreated to countryside
CKS wanted conquer all China
Contributed to Shanghai Massacre

21. Shanghai Massacre
Head (:

22. Aim
Reduce communist influence and power in China

23. Reasons Uncomfertable alliance between the KMT and CCP
Growing support of CCP -> CKS felt power of CCP had to be cut back

24. What Happened?
CKS wanted to seize Shanghai(which had a lot of communists) during NE
General strike by communist broke out
Authorities decided to execute suspected communists
KMT took control of Shanghai
However, communist leadership had no idea what true situation was as they forbid any opposition to KMT

25. Outcome Thousands communist killed Communist cells raided
Trade unions eliminateed
Communist positions in United Front Dropped