1. Starter: Write Questions and Answers
From the mid-1600s to the mid-1800s, Japan controlled foreign influences on its society by using the policy of
Mercantilism
Nationalism
Isolationism
Feudalism
The stories from Marco Polo’s travels encourages Europeans to
Journey to Asia in search of wealth
Abandon the feudal land system
Launch the Crusades against Muslims
Isolate themselves from foreigners
Who was Zheng He and why was he important?

2. Vocabulary- Scientific Revolution
Geocentric- earth-centered; places the earth at the center of the universe and the sun, moon, and other planets revolving around it.
Heliocentric- sun-centered; the earth and planets revolve around the sun.
Universal law of gravitation- force of gravity.
Rationalism- a system of thought based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge.
Scientific method- a systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world.
Inductive reasoning- a process that will lead to correct general principles.

4. an overthrow of an established government or political system by the people governed.
a radical change in society and the social structure.
a sudden, complete or marked change in something.

6. Relied on Greek and Roman explanations
Renaissance thinkers started to question these theories
Developed Scientific Method:

7. Calculus, astronomy, physics, & anatomy = major discoveries
Instruments
- Barometer – measure air pressure
- Microscope – investigate small objects
- Telescope – see distant objects
- Thermometer – temperature

8. Astronomer
Heliocentric (sun – centered) model of the solar system
Went against Aristotle’s & Ptolemy’s geocentric (earth – centered) theory
Few believed his theory

9. Johannes Kepler
Developed laws of planetary motion
- Elliptical orbits

10. Galileo Galilei Italian astronomer Telescope 1610 published findings
Church calls findings heresy
- forced to recant his findings
Gravity and speed of fallen objects
- all objects fall at same speed

11. Isaac Newton Laws of universal gravitation
- Universe viewed as a large machine,
operating according to certain rules

12. Anatomy Andreas Vesalius, 1543
- Published several volumes filled with descriptions and illustrations of body systems
William Harvey, 1628
- Circulatory system and importance of the heart

13. Biology & Chemistry Antoni Leeuwenhook
- discovered bacteria using a microscope
Study of Chemistry
- composition of matter & how it changes
- elements being identified

14. Descartes All assumptions should be questioned
“I think therefore I am”
Discourse of Method, 1637
- Only certain things are true w/o facts
to prove them
Use of reason --- rationalism

15. Francis Bacon Lots of Experimentation Inductive thinking
- Specific observation to general assumptions
- Ex: Ice is cold, All ice is cold

16. Galileo Worksheet

17. Mankind: Scientific Revolution
Why did so many ships wreck in this period?
List at least three things that were discovered/finally understood in this period.
Jim Meigs said, “So often we think about the progress of science, we think about that ‘aha’ moment, that flash of insight. We don’t recognize so much of science is dogged hard work.” What does he mean by “dogged hard work?”