1. EFFECTIVE TRANSACTION OF CURRICULUM
By: *Shaifali Rachna Puri
Lecturer in Education (English)
O.P.Memorial Institute of Education, Dyalpur, Kapurthala, Punjab, India. *

2. Introduction
We are living,teaching and even being taught in the society where the teaching is done with the help of a linear sequence of events with the teacher as primary as well as secondary actor and the student as silent audience.
I have argued always that knowledge does not belong to a teacher who is supposed to deliver it ad placitum; it is rather the result of social interaction and the meanings the teacher and the students construct together.
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3. Contd…….
This process is not a linear sequence of events but a dynamic phenomenon,whereby the teacher, who is more knowledgeable, is called upon to act, among other things, as a mediator, influencing and being influenced by the students, who happen to lack this knowledge
Here, we will only examine the ways in which a teacher can make the classroom process more effective
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4. Contd….
Of course, teachers in the real world come in all shapes and sizes, exhibiting a wide range of different personalities, beliefs and ways of thinking and working.
The present paper is a far cry from a list of compulsary injunctions or guidelines on preparing an effective teacher. Its main purpose is only to draw attention to a vast store house of transaction methods, of which following are only a small part.

5. The Moore Method
It puts a higher priority on a new clumsy method over the repetition of the beautiful old standard solution. The Moore Method stresses building and reinforcing the student’s ego. It enforces “Yes, I can do it” feeling.
The root of this method is to raise the interest of the students in such a way that you need not go to them to give anything, rather they themselves come to you to receive something.

6. The Instructional Conversation
(IC)
Instructional conversation (IC) is a dialog between teacher and learner in which prior knowledge and experiences are woven together with new material to build higher understanding.
Effective instructional conversations are influenced by four basic psycho cultural factors
a) Rapport between teacher and taught;
b) Motivation;
c) Cognition& Appeal; and
d) Logic contd……

7. A good instructional conversation appears, on the surface, as an excellent discussion conducted by a teacher and a group of students.
It has coherent focus, which, while it might shift as the discussion evolves, remains discernible throughout. There is a high level of participation without undue domination by any one individual, particularly the teacher.
At the end of an IC, students (and, ideally, the teacher) have reached a new level of understanding about whatever topics were under discussion.

8. Drama & Theatre ( Process Drama)
"Process drama" refers to a teaching method that involves children in imaginary, unscripted, and spontaneous scenes, in which the meaning is made from the engagement and transactions between the teacher and students.
It supports every aspect of literacy development. From developing their decoding knowledge, fluency, vocabulary, syntactic knowledge, discourse knowledge, and met cognitive knowledge to comprehension of extended texts,

9. Nali- Kali Method
Nali-Kali or ‘joyful learning’ was started as an experiment in classroom transaction
The Nali-Kali method of classroom transaction not only gives a greater autonomy to the teacher but also creates the right atmosphere for the child to learn in a friendly and joyful way. Learning takes place systematically in groups organized according to age wise competencies in an interactive manner.
The teaching takes place through songs, games, surveys, story telling, use of educational toys and improvised teaching-learning materials

10. Blackboard Website
The teacher establishes one website on which regular news, instructions etc are put. The students visit it and on the area specified for them put some comments on specific incidents, write down their problems or doubts.
In this way the students can ask for the solutions of even such problems, which they cannot discuss openly. They can keep their identity hidden and discuss.

11. Case Method
Case studies provide one such opportunity to enhance learning through the examination of real life situations tailored to raise those issues that the instructor considers important for learners to consider.
It leads to the development of analytic, evaluative and synthesis skills, improvement of group thinking skills, the provision of opportunities to learn other's point of view, active rather than passive learning, insight between espoused and actual practice, and help in transferring skills to operational settings.

12. Online Conferencing
Online conferencing has the capacity to support interactive learning environments that support collaboration, reflection and professional development while overcoming time, place and situational barriers.
Whatever the need and desire to communicate, online conferencing features like posting messages, sharing files or chatting in real-time help enhance and promote an interactive learning environment Other benefits include:
To be able to view a presentation/ lesson or a video at a time convenient.
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13. Contd…..
To take notes during presentations/lessons and have them printed or ed, or saved.
To be able to pause in the middle of a presentation/lessons, stop or restart presentations/lessons.
To provide feedback in real-time through discussion boards attached to presentations/lessons.
To interact with speakers/teachers and delegates easily.
To download papers of ones choice for future viewing.
To search for speakers/teachers and topics in a conference or event.

14. Practical Exposure
Today everything is believed only after it is fully experienced. A thing once born by blood and flesh lasts long in one’s mind.
Under this process a teacher does not give only an abstract idea of any concept to the students rather he/she takes the students close to the real life situation.
This takes the students very close to real life and they actually experience what they listen or read in books.

15. Apart from the innovative techniques discussed , there are various other techniques for transaction of curriculum which are being used in many educational circles. These are:
Documentaries :
Workshops:
Brainstorming
Small Group Discussions:
Question Posing etc

16. References
Bouhuijs, P.A.J., H.G. Schmidt and H.J.M. van Berkel (1993) “Problem-based Learning as an Educational Strategy," Network Publications, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Edythe Woodruff (2005) “My Experiences with the Moore Method”. The Educational Advancement Foundation 2303 Rio Grande Austin, Texas
Heather Kanuka and Carolin Kreber (1999) “Knowledge Construction in the Virtual Classroom” CASAE-ACÉÉA Annual Conference Information Centre Archives
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17. Contd……
Ping-Yun Sun (2003) “Using Drama and Theatre to Promote Literacy Development: Some Basic Classroom Applications”. The Clearinghouse on Reading, English, and Communication Digest #187 Bloomington, IN
Roland G. Tharp, Lois A.Yamauchi (1994) “Effective Instructional Conversation In Native American Classrooms” Educational Practice Report: 10 (USA) 
Williams, M. and R. L. Burden. (1997). “Psychology for Language Teachers: A Social Constructivist Approach”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

18. Acknowledgement
I am indebted to my mother Mrs Sneh Lata for giving me an ability, capability and encouragement at every step to achieve something in this field.

19. THANKS