1. Testis, spermiogenesis, hernia canals
Dr. Altdorfer:
Testis, spermiogenesis, hernia canals

3. Testis, epididymis Spermatic cord Scrotum Coats of testis
Sinus epididymidis
Appendix testis – Müller cső
Appendix epididymidis – Wolff cső
Testicular a. – from abdominal aorta
Pampiniform plexus -> IVC (R)
-> left renal vein (L)

4. „Locus minoris resistentiae”

5. Testis – descensus testis

7. Coats of the testis  layers of the abdominal wall
a) Skin of scrotum <-- skin
b) Tunica dartos <-- skin, spf. abdominal fascia 
c) Cremasteric fascia (ext. spermatic fascia) <-- Aponeurosis of ext. oblique abd. m.
d) Cremaster m. <-- int. oblique, transv. abdominis m.  
e) (Int.) spermatic fascia <-- transversalis fascia
f) Tunica vaginalis (propria) <-- peritoneum (processus vaginalis)

9. Inguinal canal: spf. inguinal ring

10. Inguinal canal: deep inguinal ring

14. Femoral canal

15. Spermiogenesis
Larsen’s Human Embryology, 2009, Churchill Livingstone

16. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES SPERMATOGENESIS SPERMIOGENESIS from spermatogonia
-- PRENATAL PHASE
Primordial germ cells leave the yolk sac and migrate into the genital ridge
-- POSTNATAL PHASE
Onset at the time of puberty
Spermatogonia undergo serial mitotic divisions
Growth – primary spermatocytes
First meiotic division –> secondary spermatocytes
Second meiotic division –> spermatids
SPERMIOGENESIS
Maturation of spermatids (within Sertoli cells)
Formation of SPERM (spermatozoon)

17. Spermatogenesis
Larsen’s Human Embryology, 2009, Churchill Livingstone

18. Testis and Epididymis
Convoluted seminiferous
tubules

19. Histology of testis Convoluted seminiferous tubules Septula testis
Lobulus testis

20. Testis – convoluted seminiferous tubules
Leydig cells
Myoepithelium
Spermatocyte I
Spermatocyte II
Spermatids
Sertoli cell
Spermatogonia

21. Spermatid
(Spermatocyte II)
Spermatocyte I
Spermatogonium
Sertoli cell

22. Testis – straight seminiferous tubules + rete testis

23. Position of seminiferous epithelial cells

24. Spermiogenesis
- The differentiation of spermatids into sperm (spermatozoa)
4 phases:
Golgi phase
Cap phase
Acrosomal phase
Maturation phase

25. 4 phases:
Golgi phase
Cap phase
Acrosomal phase
Maturation phase

26. Structure and components of the mature sperm (spermatozoon)
Larsen’s Human Embryology, 2009, Churchill Livingstone

27. Images:
Prof. Dr. Csillag
Dr. Székely
E. Pálfi