1. Development of the face and palate
Dr Gallatz Katalin

2. Development of the face and pharyngeal arches 4-5.week
Pharyngeal arches begin to develop
in the 4th week as the neural
crest cells migrate into the future
head and neck region.

3. The pharyngeal apparatus consist of:
- pharyngeal arches
- pharyngeal pouches
- pharyngeal grooves
- pharyngeal mebranes

4. Each pharyngeal arch contain:
- cartilage
- nerve
- artery
- myoblast
- mesenchyme

5. MIGRATION OF THE NEURAL CREST CELLS

7. Stomodeum
stomodeum:
a wide shallow depression in the face, limited in its depth by the buccopharyngeal membrane

8. Frontal prominence
from the mesenchyme
covering the forebrain
Maxillary prominence
from mesenchyme of the
I. pharyngeal arch
Mandibular prominence
From the mesenchyme of the I. pharyngeal arch

9. 4. week The stomodeum is surrounded by facial prominences
1 frontonasal prominence
2 maxillary prominence
2 mandibular prominence
On both sides of the frontonasal prominences thickenings of surface ectoderm form the
nasal placods

10. 5. week 1.The nasal placods invaginate to form the nasal pits
2.Medial and lateral nasal
processes are formed around
the nasal pits
3.Maxillary and lateral nasal processes are separated by the
nasolacrimal groove
nasolacrimal duct

11. NASAL PLACODS
MEDIAL AND LATERAL
NASAL PROMINENCES

13. 7-10. week intermaxillary segment
Maxillary prominences grow and press the medial nasal processes, they unite and fuse with the maxillary prominences.
Maxillary prominences fuse with the lateral nasal prominences and with the mandibular prominences
The fused medial nasal prominences form the
intermaxillary segment
7-10. week

14. 1. labial component philtrum of the lip
Intermaxillary segment is composed of
1. labial component philtrum of the lip
2. upper jaw component alveolar process of
the incisor teeth
3. palatine component primary palate

15. - The ectodermal thickening betwen the lateral nasal and maxillary
invaginates into the underlying mesoderm, the nasolacrimal
groove and cord is formed
later it canalicularises and it becomes nasolacrimal duct.
- The maxillary prominences unite with the medial and lateral
nasal processes and also with the mandibular prominences.

16. Palatogenesis 5-12th week
Critical period 6-9th week
The palate develops from two primordia:
- the primary palate
- the secondary palate

17. Development of the palate
Primary palate
develops from the
palatine portion of the
intermaxillary segment
Secondary palate
develops from the
palatine process of
the maxillary prominence

18. - Palatine processes (or palatal shelves) project inferolaterally on each side
of the tongue.
- As the jaws develop he tongue moves inferiorly,
the palaine processes elongate and ascend to the horizontal position.
They fuse in the median plane and also fuse with the nasal septum and with
the primary palate
Nasal septum develops as a downgrowth from the internal part of the merged
medial nasal prominences

21. Derivates of the facial prominences
Frontonasal prominence
frontal part: forehead, root of the nose
medial nasal process:
- dorsum and tip of the nose, nasal septum
intermaxillary segmentum:
philtrum, alveolar process of the incisor teeth, primary palate
lateral nasal process: alae (wings) of the nose
Maxillary prominences:
maxilla,
lateral part of the upper lip,
upper part of the cheek
secondary palate
Mandibular prominence:
lower lip, inferior part of the cheek

22. Development of the nasal cavity
- oronasal membrane
- primitive choana
primary and secundary
palate
- nasal conchas
- olfactory region
- paranasal sinuses

23. Summary of the development of the face
1. Development of the stomodeum and the facial prominences,
2. appearence of the nasal placods nasal pits
3. development of the medial and lateral nasal prominences 5.week
4. growth of the maxillary prominences,
5. fusion of the medial nasal processes,
6. formation of the intermaxillary segment,
7. development ot the primary palate week,
8. formation of the nasolacrimal sulcus and duct,
9. fusion of the maxillary prominence with the and medial and lateral
nasal prominences,
10. secondary palate, separation of the nasal and oral cavity

24. Development of the Face
MOVIE v

25. Malformations Median cleft lip Lateral cleft lip (cheiloschisis)
Cleft of the upper jaw (gnatoschisis)
Cleft palate (palatoschisis)
Oblique facial cleft
Transverse facial cleft
Macrostomy, microstomy
Cleft uvula

26. Malformations

27. Malformations Median cleft Cleft of inferior lip Obligue facial cleft
Macrostomia Microstomia Bifid nose and
incomplete median cleft

28. Congenital anomalies of the face
1.Lateral cleft lip ( hare lip):
Due to failure of fusion between the maxillary process with the intermaxillary segment, unilateral or bilateral .
2. Median cleft lip :
Due to incomplete union of the 2 medial nasal swelling in the middle line .

29. Bilateral cleft lip

30. 3. Oblique facial cleft :
Due to failure of union of the maxillary processes with lateral nasal processes.

33. Thank you for your attention!
Development of the Face and Palate
Face And Palate - YouTube
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