Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Chapter One Learning Disabilities: Definitions, Characteristics, and Current Directions.

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Chapter One Learning Disabilities: Definitions, Characteristics, and Current Directions."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter One Learning Disabilities: Definitions, Characteristics, and Current Directions

2 Definitions of Learning Disabilities
Federal Definition: IDEA Psychological Processing Disorder Difficulty in Learning Interagency Committee on Learning Disabilities (ICLD) Definition Social Skills Disorders National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities (NJCLD) Definition Intrinsic to the Individual Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

3 Common Elements in the Definitions
Central Nervous System Dysfunction Uneven Growth Pattern/Psychological processing Deficits Discrepancy Between Potential and Achievement Exclusion of Other Causes Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

4 Characteristics of Learning Disabilities (cont’d)
Disorders of attention Poor motor abilities Psychological processing deficits Lack of phonological awareness Poor cognitive strategies for learning Oral language difficulties Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

5 Characteristics of Learning Disabilities (cont.)
Reading difficulties Writing difficulties Mathematics difficulties Social skills difficulties Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

6 Characteristics at Different Age Levels
Preschool children Elementary-age children Secondary students Adults Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

7 Ages That Children with Learning Disabilities are Identified
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

8 Percent of Students with Learning Disabilities
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9 Composition of Students with Disabilities
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

10 Major Phases in the Field of Learning Disabilities
Foundation phase: 1800 –1930 Brain Research Transition phase: Clinical Study of Children Integration phase: School Programs Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

11 Timeline: Phase in the Field of Learning Disabilities
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

12 Example of Visual Perception
Source: Illustrations by W.E. Hill in Puck, 1915. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13 Changes in Terminology
Brain-injured child 1947 Minimal Brain Dysfunction (MBD) Learning Disabilities 1947. Alfred Strauss 1966. Peter Clements Dept of HEW 1963. Samuel Kirk Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

14 Some Current Directions
Standards-based Education High Stakes Testing Inclusion Practices Cultural & Linguistic Diversity Computer Technology Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

15 Special Education Laws
1975 Education for All Handicapped Children Act PL 1990 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act PL 1997 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 PL 2004 Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act PL Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.


Download ppt "Chapter One Learning Disabilities: Definitions, Characteristics, and Current Directions."

Similar presentations


Ads by Google